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Tag: "gene" at biology news

New cell type identified in cancer development

... Additional experiments revealed that the piwil2 gene may exclusively regulate the process of pCSC development. Gao says these data suggest some important characteristics of pCSCs. "First, it appears that pCSCs require some sort of signal, or cue, from their immediate environment that directs the...

Stability of mRNA/DNA and DNA/DNA duplexes modulates mRNA transcription

... and antisense mRNA/DNA is a property that can aid gene discovery," explains Stoynov. "Thermodynamic stability of nucleic acid duplexes depends primarily on thermodynamic properties of nearest-neighbor nucleotide interactions. Therefore, the stability of DNA/DNA and RNA/DNA duplexes is determined by th...

Protein overexpression at heart of heart failure

...that electrical remodeling of the L-VDCC, based on gene expression changes, is an early step in a cascade ultimately induced in heart failure. This provides a rational framework for novel therapeutic intervention in heart failure. ...

Elucidation of the genome for diabetics with DNA chips

...am of Philippe Froguel was the first to identify a gene associated with DT2 ?that encoding glucokinase ?in... regulates Wnt signalling. Finally, the SLC30A8 gene encodes the ZnT8 protein, which is involved in zinc transport. This protein is involved in insulin b...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

... sensed within the cell, the more Tat proteins the gene creates, resulting in a snowball effect that is difficult to stop," Weinberger said of the onset of full-blown infection. Mechanisms do exist to halt the process, however. For example, another enzyme within the affected cell called SirT1 is capab...

New molecular pathway could reveal how cells stick together

...the animal. By developing a mutant fly lacking the gene that codes for the protein, she can examine what goes wrong without the protein and then infer the normal function of that protein. She has previously done similar work knocking out MMP in flies. "One of the defects in MMP mutants is in their abi...

Cancer vaccines -- Taking a jab at cancer by stimulating the immune system

...ss of suppressor function or alteration of the p53 gene factors into nearly 80 percent of human tumors. Tumor cells with altered p53 generally tend to accumulate the protein, which led the researchers to create a strategy that would allow the immune system to destroy tumor cells by targeting p53. "I...

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

The recent discovery that a mutant "clock" gene made some people "early to bed and early to rise,"...and Per2 knockout mice," which lack the Per2 clock gene altogether, added study author Ying-Hui Fu, who is also at UCSF. Based on those studies, "everybo...

What recognizes what in plant disease resistance?

...e gene-for-gene hypothesis: a plant Resistance (R) gene encodes a protein that specifically recognizes and protects against one pathogen or strain of a pathogen carrying a corresponding Avirulence (Avr) gene. In tobacco and its relatives, the N resistance protein confers resistance to infection by the ...

Protein sensor for fatty acid buildup in mitochondria

...ent in individuals who have mutations in the PANK2 gene that give rise to PanK-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), an inherited disease in which patients have intellectual impairment and difficulty in walking and speaking. "The new understanding of PanK2 activity and its location in the cell suggests...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. TP53 gene encodes a transcription factor (p53) that plays a ...ction network referred to as the p53 pathway. TP53 gene is mutated or deleted in 50% of all malignant tumors. A recently discovered strategy for p53 activat...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...rence Berkeley National Laboratory have identified gene expression signatures that could serve as biomarke...these molecular actions, but mutations in the KRAS gene could allow the enzyme to function whether or not it receives the commanding signal from EGFR. There...

Genes may determine success of hip replacement surgery

... healthy bones. Variations in the interleukin 6 gene did not seem to have any effect. But those with va...ation. And variations in the vitamin D receptor gene almost doubled the chances of bone dissolution and deep infection. The authors conclude that if c...

Twin studies reveal genetic components leading to cardiac and kidney disease

...markers, called endothelin (ET-1), is trigged by a gene that regulates catecholamines, chemical compounds produced in the adrenal gland that are released in reaction to stress. The study measured the plasma concentration of ET-1 in about 300 twins. The results establish and verify a previously unsuspected...

Erectile dysfunction in diabetes is due to selective defect in the brain

... restoring the nNOS protein in the PVN using viral gene transfer. Results The researchers found tha...protein within the PVN of diabetic rats with viral gene transfer could alleviate the blunted NMDA induced erectile responses. Conclusion The r...

Researchers first to map gene that regulates adult stem cell growth

.... The researchers genetically mapped a stem cell gene and its protein product, Laxetin, and building on ...n all the way through to the identification of the gene itself. This is the first time such a complete study on a stem cell gene has been carried out. This ...

Gene therapy for blindness clears hurdle in mice

...sed an experimental therapy in mice to shut down a gene that plays a crucial role in a leading cause of in...RNA, which helps disable the gene. Normally the gene is essential for healthy eyesight, but mutated versions of it are passed from generation to generati...

Scientists find new genetic clue to cause of Alzheimer's disease

Variations in a gene known as SORL1 may be a factor in the development ...earchers suggest that faulty versions of the SORL1 gene contribute to formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark sign of Alzheimer's in the brains of people w...

Out of Africa -- Bacteria, as well

...enetic bottlenecks: when a population shrinks, the gene pool also becomes smaller. These losses in genetic diversity linger, even when the population starts once again to increase in number. Since the Homo sapiens populations usually had to pass through several genetic bottlenecks on their way across the ...

Dual gene therapy suppresses lung cancer in preclinical test

Combination gene therapy delivered in lipid-based nanoparticles dra...ow you've got the possibility of combined targeted gene therapy," said Jack Roth, M.D., professor and chair of the M. D. Anderson Department of Thoracic and...

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