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Tag: "gene" at biology news

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

...atments to each patient. People inherit different gene variations, which may influence whether or not the... is thought to exert its therapeutic effects. The gene produces an enzyme (diacylglycerol kinase eta) that functions at a point closer to the root of the l...

Survival of the rarest: Fruit flies shed light on the evolution of behavior

...sissauga who in the 1980s discovered that a single gene affects the foraging behaviour of fruit flies, has... two different versions of the foraging gene. This gene is of particular interest because it is also found in many organisms, including humans. The new stud...

UCLA AIDS Institute researchers find a peptide that encourages HIV infection

...could pave the way for the use of such peptides in gene therapy using HIV-based vectors as the delivery me...ctors are currently being explored as vehicles for gene therapy," the authors wrote. "In this area, at least, agents that enhance retroviral uptake could co...

Magnetic computer sensors may help study biomolecules

...strands of DNA for high-speed applications such as gene sequencing, experiments at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) suggest. As described in a recent paper,* NIST researchers found that arrays of switches called "spin valves"—commonly used as magnetic sensors in the read heads ...

DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis

...werful and economical DNA sequencing technologies, gene discovery and characterization is transitioning fr...is instance, the situation is simple; we know what gene belongs to which organism. In metagenomes, it's much more challenging, because you have sequences f...

Sleepless for science: Flies show link between sleep, immune system in Stanford study

... the area of the fly brain that exhibits circadian gene activity, was responsible for the changes seen in the sick flies. But the behavior of the ill flies looked a lot like that of flies known to have disruptions in their genes controlling circadian rhythm. So the next step, after confirming that flie...

Researchers develop way to calculate speed of bacterial sex

...ntly developed a mathematical model of the rate of gene transfer among bacteria in the environment. Resear...ria that are resistant to antibiotics and increase gene flow from genetically modified organisms to native soils. By developing a real-life model of bacteri...

Iowa State scientists demonstrate first use of nanotechnology to enter plant cells

...rate plant cell walls and simultaneously deliver a gene and a chemical that triggers its expression with c...Currently, scientists can successfully introduce a gene into a plant cell. In a separate process, chemicals are used to activate the gene’s function. The pr...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

...tential of useful traits lying undiscovered in the gene pool or germplasm of obsolete and wild cottons con...collections. These traits could help diversify the gene pool from which breeders draw new varieties in the future. The U.S. Department of Agricultu...

Genome of yellow fever/dengue fever mosquito sequenced

...He explains, "An important part of this project is gene annotation which predicts numbers and locations of...al stages. Matching a messenger RNA to a predicted gene will validate authenticity of this gene." The TE team, lead by the Tu laboratory, uncovered and ...

Gene thought to assist chemo may help cancer thrive

A gene thought to be essential in helping chemotherapy ki...cent of subjects whose tumors had mutations in the gene p53 were still alive after five years. Patients with normal p53 displayed only a 30 percent survival...

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

... a microarray analysis to determine differences in gene activity. The results: A whopping 1,766 genes resp...th. Those experiments confirmed the differences in gene activity. Hoffman-Kim and her team deployed high-powered microscopes to detect other differences....

Newly identified mechanism for silencing genes points to possible anti-cancer strategies

...by a various mechanisms that act to interfere with gene transcription into messenger RNA or translation of...RNAs were also acting in some other way to inhibit gene translation into protein. By tracking the associations between molecules involved in generating micr...

Left-right wiring determined by neural communication in the embryonic worm

...s in the brain"" Prior studies had shown that a gene involved in human migraine headaches (an asymmetri...ep of left-right communication is carried out by a gene that makes gap junctions. And yet strangely, as far as worm researchers knew, no gap junctions exist...

Executable biology -- Computer science sheds light on animal development

.... By running their model with a wide variety of gene mutation scenarios and comparing results with available laboratory data, they found that the fate of C. elegans vulval precursor cells depends upon the time-sequence of two cellular signaling pathways, as well as a negative feedback loop that had not...

Switching genes to overdrive improves muscular dystrophy symptoms in mice

... mice with female MDX mice (the muscular dystrophy gene is carried by females in mouse and in humans.) As a result, the offspring of these matings had muscular dystrophy but also had elevated PGC-1alpha. Using exercise and chemical tests, the researchers compared muscle function in the offspring with MDX ...

Revealing the machinery underlying the 'plastic' juvenile brain

...ates intracellular signaling pathways that control gene expression in the visual cortex of juvenile and adult mice, and that this developmental downregulation could regulate the developmental reduction of plasticity occurring in the adult visual cortex," concluded Pizzorusso and colleagues. They also conc...

Brain maps online

... healthy brains with others, looking at structure, gene expression and the distribution of different proteins. They will enable better understanding of the organization of normal brains, and could help researchers in identifying fine morphological and chemical abnormalities underlying Alzheimer's, Parkins...

Discovery of 'master switch' for the communication process between chloroplast and nuclei of plants

...s light-induced regulatory factors from activating gene expression. Additional work in the project had det...s light-induced regulatory factors from activating gene expression. It has a role in so many signaling processes in the plant, it might actually be the ‘mas...

Individuals and populations differ in gene activity levels, not just genes

...e learned. And though some of those differences in gene activity are seen between different populations ?A...tions for medical research, as differing levels of gene activity may affect one's susceptibility to developing a disease or one's response to a particular d...

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