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Tag: "gene" at biology news

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...overed how a single molecular “on switch” triggers gene activity that might cause effects ranging from lea...r—a molecule that binds to a section of DNA near a gene and triggers that gene to make the specific protein for which it codes. CREB activates genes in resp...

Understanding why C. difficile causes disease -- it's hungry

... bacterium produces that cause disease and a third gene codes for a protein that makes a hole in the organ...ing to identify a protein that might shut down the gene that codes for R. By identifying such a protein, Sonenshein hope to find a way to change the appetit...

A first -- Hebrew University scientist observes brain cell development in 'real time'

...icroscopic imaging techniques, combined with virus gene technology, Dr. Mizrahi was able to develop an experimental model to study development of neural dendrites in vivo. The dendrites are the string-like extensions of the neuron that spread out to reach other neurons and serve as the points of communica...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

Early-stage research has found that a new gene therapy can nearly eliminate arthritis pain, and s...chers found that one injection of a newly designed gene therapy relieved 100 percent of osteoarthritic pain in the study model. In addition, researchers wer...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...ey in this study was being able to "knock out" the gene for Cdk5 only in the brain, and only when the mice...rely eliminates the gene. "Being able to turn a gene off throughout a brain is a really advanced thing to do," Dr. Bibb said. "It’s been shown that it ca...

First confirmed common genetic risk factors for breast cancer

...t cancer likely involves many risk genes, and each gene only confers a moderate risk for disease," Dr. Liu...rted in Nature Genetics that they had identified a gene (Caspase 8) that could reduce cancer risk by as much as 10 percent. The international research c...

Extra-aggressive form of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis identified

...s". In this study the authors performed global gene expression analysis and other molecular studies in a subset of patients and identified a number of genes that were differentially expressed in both groups, suggesting that rapid progressors are biologically distinct from slow progressors. "While ...

Gene expression patterns predict rapid decline in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients

...ornia, used DNA microarray analysis to measure the gene expression patterns of 26 rapid progressors and 88 slow progressors. They identified 437 differentially expressed genes between the groups. Specifically, lungs of rapid progressors, who were predominantly males who smoked, overexpressed genes involve...

For many insects, winter survival is in the genes

...se. When Denlinger's team knocked out the Hsp70 gene that makes the heat-shock protein, the insects wer....) "This underscores the essential role of this gene for winter survival, suggesting that this particular heat-shock protein is a major contributor to co...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...m confirmed their hypothesis by "knocking out" the gene that synthesizes the receptor, both in sensory neu... that question to rest. As the mice lacking the gene were not completely insensitive to cold -- they avoided contact with surfaces below 10 degrees C, th...

Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's

...enic mice used in the study are homozygous for the gene for beta amyloid protein, making it inevitable that they develop an Alzheimer’s like disease as they age. In fact, they lose their memory by nine months of age. These animals, together with regular mice without the beta amyloid genes, were acclimated...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...s grown in the lab using a technique that silences gene expression. Less SIK1 activity resulted in less ph...nexpected link between two important mechanisms of gene regulation, CREB and HDAC, and have shown that this pathway plays a major role in maintaining normal...

'Personality-gene' makes songbirds curious

...e" in a songbird, the great tit (Parus major). The gene (Drd4) carries the building instructions for a rec...th a specific variant of this dopamine receptor D4 gene show a stronger exploratory behaviour than individuals with other variants (Proceedings of the Royal...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

...y represents the first demonstration that a single gene is responsible for most cool temperature sensation...vered by Patapoutian’s group and proposed as a key gene controlling cold sensation. To test the hypothesis, the group observed the behavior of mice genetica...

'Insulator' helps silence genes in dormant herpes virus

...only a tiny fragment of the virus genome ?a single gene called the Latency-Associated Transcript gene (LAT) ?remains active. Scientists have long puzzled over the mechanism used to keep this small regio...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...onstrated for the first time that malfunction of a gene that had been associated with schizophrenia and de...s sought to explore the consequences of mutating a gene called "Disrupted in schizophrenia 1" (DISC1), which had been found in one family to be associated w...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...hat a cousin of the plague bacterium uses a single gene to out-fox insect immune defences and kill its hos... common in diseases, very few examples of a single gene in a pathogen targeting a single gene in an animal or human host have been identified so far. Pho...

First clinical trial of gene therapy for childhood blindness

...n in vision, due to an abnormality in a particular gene called RPE65. This defect prevents normal function...the trial involves inserting healthy copies of the gene into the cells of the retina to help them to function normally. Restoring the activity in these cell...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...ave a long way to go yet. "Based on the rate of gene discovery, we estimate that corals have as many as 20 or 25,000 genes, compared with the human complement of 20-23,000." Why a simple creature should have such a huge genetic repertoire is a mystery, but scientists are excited by it because corals...

Newborn neurons like to hang with the 'in' crowd

...the Salk researchers injected a virus carrying the gene for green fluorescent protein into the hippocampus, a brain region harboring neural stem cells that give rise to new neurons. Newly born neurons infected with virus were marked by a fluorescent dye enabling the researchers to follow their fate over t...

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