Tag: "gauge" at biology news

Weill Cornell Research Reveals Secrets Of Trafficking Within Cells

... Ryan explained, scientists have long known how to gauge the importance of particular proteins, using a kind of Òon/offÓ comparison. They do this by using Òknock-outÓ mice genetically engineered to either express -- or not express -- the protein under study. But Dr. Ryan's group wanted to go deeper, and d...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...ocess called quorum sensing, which bacteria use to gauge their own numbers. When interferon-gamma binds with OprF on the bacterial cell surface, it activates a gene called rhII. RhII triggers synthesis and secretion of a bacterial signaling molecule called C4-HSL. By measuring the amount of C4-SHL in their...

Neanderthal teeth grew no faster than comparable modern humans'

... enamel on a young tooth. Like tree rings that can gauge the age of a redwood, these striations ?called per...f perikymata on a tooth's surface, researchers can gauge how long it took for the tooth to mature. And that gives them an indication of the length of an indi...

High carbon dioxide levels spur Southern pines to grow more needles

... but increased with the nitrogen levels. She could gauge the effects of nitrogen on needle volumes because one area of the FACE experiment had been fertilized during her study period. "The viability of leaf area enhancement is really driven by the nitrogen availability," McCarthy said. While nitrogen fert...

Skull study sheds light on dinosaur diversity

...e of those features with the proliferation of wide gauge tracks everywhere in the fossil record at the end of the dinosaur era." Wilson wonders if the change in locomotion---from typical sauropod narrow-gauge walking to titanosaur wide-gauge walking---corresponded to lifestyle changes, such as different fe...

Researchers discover new tumor defense system

...tty acid levels in the blood could be used to help gauge the aggressive potential of a tumor. ...

NC State researchers redesign life for Mars and beyond

... to use this genetic manipulation as a test run to gauge the feasibility of inserting a gene from an extremophile - an organism that survives, and thrives, inextreme environments - into a plant, and then seeing whether the gene would function the wayit does in its original organism. "The bottom line is th...

Clinical trial to test stem cell approach for children with brain injury

A unique clinical trial will gauge the safety and potential of treating children suffering traumatic brain injury with stem cells derived from their own bone marrow starting early next year at The University of Texas Medical School at Houston and Memorial Hermann Children's Hospital. ...

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

...ce of a species, compared with other species, is a gauge of its rate of evolutionary change. By calibrating this rate with the known time of divergence of a species on another branch of the tree-like diagram that shows relationships among species, scientists can estimate the time when the species they are...

Microbes under Greenland Ice may be preview of what scientists find under Mars' surface

...e Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2, have been used to gauge past climate. In that core, however, some segments within about 100 meters, or 300 feet, of the bottom registered levels of methane as much as 10 times higher than would be expected from trends over the past 110,000 years. Price and his colleagues s...

Cheap, rapid hand-held check for HIV

...nts to decide when to start drug treatments and to gauge whether a patient is responding to them. To make the device, researchers from Cornell University in Ithaca and the University at Albany coated electrodes with antibodies specific to CD4+ cells. When a small sample of blood is put onto a chip bearin...

NASA's AURA satellite peers into Earth's ozone hole

...son Units (the system of measurement designated to gauge ozone thickness). That is approximately one-half as thick as the layer before 1980 during the same time of year. The Ozone Monitoring Instrument is the latest in a series of ozone-observing instruments flown by NASA over the last two decades. This i...

Stress substantially slows human body's ability to heal

...nd wives also completed questionnaires intended to gauge their level of stress at the beginning of the expe...sions were videotaped and those tapes were used to gauge the level of hostility present between the couples. Fluid accumulating at the individual wound sites...

Study shows AIDS drugs cost-effective, care underfunded

...es $10,000-$15,000 a year for a single patient. To gauge whether HAART was cost-effective in treating HIV-infected patients, researchers previously relied on modeled estimates of health care expenditures. Now, using actual healthcare utilization data, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham ...

Extinctions linked to climate change

...re factored in, it will be difficult to accurately gauge the full effects of climate change, and its true impact on biodiversity will often be underestimated, he said. Five years ago, in a study also published in Nature, OSU scientists documented another of the complex impacts of global warming. In that ...

Parts of the Caribbean and Central America are likely to have less summer rain

... precipitation data available since 1979, and rain gauge measurements since the 1950s. Over the last 50 years, the Caribbean has experienced a trend of decreased summer precipitation, but not a dramatic one, Neelin said. The computer models predict that will be a continuing trend. "We can't exclude that ...

Measuring artery repair cells could become new heart disease test

...s that grow. The new system permits researchers to gauge the number of EPCs based by identifying those cells with a high amount of ALDH activity. The Duke researchers based their studies on analysis of blood samples taken from 229 patients who underwent a cardiac catheterization at Duke University Hospita...

Teens unaware of sexually transmitted diseases until they catch one, Carnegie Mellon study finds

...rgh area. The researchers gave the girls a test to gauge their knowledge of eight STDs: HIV/AIDS, chlamydia, gonorrhea, genital herpes, genital warts, hepatitis B, trichomoniasis and syphilis. Girls who reported having been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease knew more about that particular disea...

'Scent of a woman' tells male redback spiders to find a mate

..., and the researchers found that males are able to gauge which issue is most pressing in their particular situation while they are still juvenile and use that information to maintain or speed up how quickly they develop. "We call it 'scent of a woman,'" Andrade laughs. "They do this without contact -- th...

Better beetle sought for salt cedar control

...haven't been herelong enough for the scientists to gauge what they can do. "They just came in May and the first year we don't expect to see majordamage," she said. "But they may defoliate the trees within the cages. Wewere warned that it will go quickly, and we may run out of food within thetents." Miche...

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