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Tag: "fusion" at biology news

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...rane to fuse with the target cell's membrane. This fusion of membranes allows HIV to enter the cell and begin replicating. The structure of gp120 after it binds to the CD4 receptor and changes its shape was solved several years ago by another group. Harrison and Chen have now described gp120's structure be...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

...s intrigued primate biologists; it formed from the fusion of two mid-sized ape chromosomes and is the only cytogenetic distinction separating humans from apes. At the molecular level, however, the differences among the species are much more complex. Bork's team systematically searched the complete genomic ...

Plants defy Mendel's inheritance laws, may prompt textbook changes

...he mutated gene, called hothead, that causes organ fusion like that seen in the flowers. The researchers used molecular markers - bits of DNA that help identify and locate genes in organisms - to determine whether a plant carried normal or mutant copies of the genes. "It seems that these hothead-containing...

Revolutionary nanotechnology illuminates brain cells at work

...protein," commented co-author Loren Looger. "After fusion to the fluorescent proteins, we placed the sensor on the surface of rat hippocampal cells. The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is involved with emotional reactions, and it helps store learned information in memory. When neurons are activate...

Same-Sex Mating Discovered in a Toxic Fungus

...of alpha isolates. Unisexual fruiting involves the fusion of cells followed by meiosis, enabling genetic exchange between members of the same sex, they reported. Meiosis is the process whereby cells divide into two "haploid" cells, each with half the number of chromosomes. Unlike diploid animals and plants...

Double triumph in stem cell quest

... a virtually limitless supply of existing ESCs for fusion with adult cells. Then there is the ethical issue, which is again exercising Congress. With Verlinsky's method, federally funded researchers could try to derive stembrids using already-approved ESC lines. Verlinsky still has a lot to do to convince...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

...oggin may be important in preventing the premature fusion of the bones in the skull, and thus may be critical to allowing the brain to grow larger after birth. All of these findings are from mice or amphibians, but the researchers say that the same is almost certain to be the case in humans. "One of the th...

Scientists analyze chromosomes 2 and 4

...re evidence that human chromosome 2 arose from the fusion of two ancestral ape chromosomes, researchers supp...man chromosome 2 was produced as the result of the fusion of two mid-sized ape chromosomes and a Seattle group located the fusion site in 2002. In the latest...

Discovery could be key to bioterrorism defense

...e sequence of the soluble F glycoprotein, to block fusion of the virus with the host cell. This peptide can be used as a prophylactic, and/or to treat infections, and antibodies developed using this peptide can be utilized in diagnostic assays. ...

Circulating stem cells play small role in lung repair

...jection makes that unlikely. There was no sign of fusion between the bone marrow-derived cells and the donor pneumocytes, said Zander, who holds the Harvey S. Rosenberg, M.D., Chair in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the medical school and serves on the Council of the American Society of Investigative...

Candida albicans Genome Fully Annotated

...jection makes that unlikely. There was no sign of fusion between the bone marrow-derived cells and the donor pneumocytes, said Zander, who holds the Harvey S. Rosenberg, M.D., Chair in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the medical school and serves on the Council of the American Society of Investigative...

Recombinant DNA technology may enable oral, rather than injectable, delivery of protein drugs

...says Shen. "We refer to this method as recombinant fusion protein technology." Recombinant DNA technology u...e transferrin/G-CSF combination. "Our recombinant fusion protein was administered orally, and when tested in mice, increased the white blood cell count for t...

Big differences in duplicated DNA distinguish chimp and human genomes

...iece of DNA near the site of an ancient chromosome fusion point on chromosome 2. In humans, this piece of DNA is represented as four copies, but in the chimp it has expanded to about 500 copies near the end of the chromosomes. Researchers don't yet understand why this particular piece of DNA has been indepe...

Achilles heel of the herpes virus possibly found

...in that has properties like that of known cellular fusion machinery," says Fuller. "No other virus has been shown to use a cellular fusion protein for entry into cells." She explains that the search for the mechanisms by which HSV enters ...

'Punctuated' evolution in the human genome

...r years because it appears to have formed from the fusion of two mid-sized ape chromosomes, and it is the primary cytogenetic distinction separating humans and their evolutionary progenitors. Within this 700 Kb region of human chromosome 2, the researchers identified segments of DNA that originated from 14...

Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells

...adult somatic cells with embryonic stem cells. The fusion causes the adult cells to undergo genetic reprogra...he researchers demonstrated that they had achieved fusion of the two cell types by searching the fused cells for two distinctive genetic markers present in th...

Gene Bridges And Covalys To Develop Restriction-Enzyme-Free SNAP-tag Gene Fusion Kits

...; Paste" DNA engineering kits to generate SNAP-tag fusion proteins based on Gene Bridges' Red/ET recombinati...ge of kits for the subsequent labeling of SNAP-tag fusion proteins in live cells and in vitro with fluorescent or affinity probes. Kits to be introduced later...

Several minute intermediate stage in virus-cell fusion discovered; opportunity for drug development

...me interval, was not known to exist for virus-cell fusion events. The net effect is that the invading virus ...t fuses with the cell membrane and shares the same fusion proteins, so it certainly provides a new target. Also, existing drugs can be re-evaluated to pinpoin...

Firefly protein lets researchers monitor molecule linked to cancer

... to develop a line of mice with the IKB/luciferase fusion built into its genetic code. In addition, they showed that the system is not only helpful for learning if a drug is having the desired effect, it can also be used to fine-tune drug dosage for maximum benefit. "One of the reviewers of our paper sugg...

Stolen gene allows insect virus to enter cells

...to descendants.) In viruses, an f gene codes for a fusion (F) protein, which enables the virus to penetrate ...opied from host cells, but the origin of so-called fusion proteins, like F, has remained a mystery. "The gigantic step was when the Drosophila melanogaster [...

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