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Tag: "functions" at biology news

Scientists discover that host cell lipids facilitate bacterial movement

...lled PI3-kinase. The lipids attract and modify the functions of proteins involved in regulating actin assembly. PIP2 and PIP3 also prevent capping proteins from binding to the ends of actin filaments, allowing new actin filament assembly. Because Listeria is capable of stimulating actin assembly and PIP2 and ...

Sequencing of marine bacterium will help study of cell communication

...ce." Annotation is a complex process that assigns functions to genes. Having access to the genetic sequence in order to perform this chore gave Stevens and Faini early access to specific information about the genes of the bacterium she has been studying for several years. Many different bacteria use quorum s...

Opposing fat metabolism pathways triggered by a single gene

... this link may lead to better understanding of the functions of PPARs and provide opportunities for altering their function for treatment of fat metabolism disorders such as diabetes and obesity. ### Citation: Van Gilst MR, Hadjivassiliou H, Jolly A, Yamamoto K (2005) Nuclear hormone receptor nhr-49 controls...

Effective Cancer Treatments Follow The Clock

...adian (Latin for "about a day") cycle that governs functions like sleeping and waking, rest and activity, fluid balance, body temperature, cardiac output, oxygen consumption and endocrine gland secretion. In their experiments, the researchers measured the animals' body weight as an indicator of response to th...

Hirsute Or Hairless? Two Proteins May Spell The Difference

...at impedes the transcription of a subset of genes, functions in many developmental processes requiring epithelial remodeling, the authors reasoned it might do the same in hair bud formation. Working with developing mouse embryos, they saw a spike in Snail expression on embryonic day 17.5, coinciding with hair ...

Wisconsin researchers identify sleep gene

...menon in order to shed light on the mechanisms and functions of sleep," Tononi says. The Wisconsin study focuses on factors that control sleep duration as opposed to the timing of when sleep occurs, which is regulated by the circadian system, Tononi notes. "The key molecular mechanisms controlling the circadi...

Researchers discover molecular mechanism that desensitizes us to cold

...a new lead in investigating regulation of the many functions in which these proteins are involved." Many signals, such as neurotransmitters and growth factors are known to catalyze the breakdown of PIP2. Now that researchers know how PIP2 interacts with this large class of membrane proteins, they can begin to...

Fleshing out the genome

...ut they could confidently assign exact biochemical functions for only 16 proteins, or 3 percent. Finally, they introduced a seven-category system for annotating genomic proteins, ranked according to a functional assignment's precision and confidence. Kolker said that "a big part of this was the proteomics"-- ...

Iron exporter revealed that may explain common human disorder

... is the major, if not the only, iron exporter that functions in key sites of iron absorption and release in the body. The findings suggest that the iron accumulation seen in those with hemochromatosis may stem from a loss of control over iron export through ferroportin, the researchers said. "Iron is essentia...

Institute for Systems Biology Symposium Addresses Need for Better Computational Tools

...entify the presumptive function of proteins. These functions can then be assigned to appropriate networks. Rese...bank/PDB. Folded proteins explain many biological functions -- just as the parts in a car determine the role they play in the car's function, three dimensional ...

Insight into natural cholesterol control suggests novel cholesterol-lowering therapy

...ng reductase. The availability of reductase, which functions early in the synthetic process, largely determines the rate of cellular cholesterol production, Debose-Boyd said. When added to intact cells and cellular components in test tubes, lanosterol led other proteins to mark reductase for destruction by at...

A human parasite with a streamlined mitochondrion

...des a model system for probing which mitochondrial functions are truly essential for eukaryotic cells. ...

Researchers discover chemical compounds that affect plant growth

...he use of small molecules to modify or disrupt the functions of specific genes or proteins. NASA supported the ... Raikhel said. "The underlying concept is that the functions of most proteins can be altered by the binding of a chemical, which can be found by screening large ...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

...nding ring might be uniquely suited to fulfill the functions of the Dam1 complex. In comparison with the purified Dam1, the Dam1 mutants produced partially formed rings that reduced microtubule binding. "Because the stability of a microtubule is thought to be largely governed by the lateral interactions betwe...

Products containing specific probes for detecting alternative splice forms protected

... of several mRNAs encoding proteins with different functions from a single gene. Splicing events are implicated in numerous pathologies and can be altered by various stress events such as virus, toxic agents, and drug exposure. The genome-wide patented probe configuration described in the patent is the basis ...

Light therapy may combat fungal infections, new evidence suggests

...e in the fungus' ability to sense light. BWC1 also functions in the fungus' resistance to ultraviolet light, they reported. Further study identified a second, related gene, BWC2, that is also required for C. neoformans normal response to both blue and ultraviolet light. Moreover, the researchers found, mice i...

Researchers find new genes necessary to make embryo

...ions consist largely of older components while new functions added later provide additional layers of regulation to lend adaptive functions to these core networks." ...

Researchers rein in regulatory RNAs

...have important biological functions." Among these functions may be the regulation of gene expression on a domain level, such as that which has been documented for several imprinted loci. Antisense transcripts have been shown to alter the methylation status of the overlapping partner gene. SATs might also trig...

Love's all in the brain: fMRI study shows strong, lateralized reward, not sex, drive

...e said, "these findings about the diverse regional functions of the basal ganglia in humans have remarkable imp...ow the normal human brain learns and remembers and functions in general," Brown added. Love physiology changes over time; 'Romantic love more powerful than sex'...

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...n actually change or reprogram the gene so that it functions differently. "This study is telling us that an environmental reprogramming of a normal response, combined with an inherited gene defect, work together to promote cancer," said NIEHS Director David Schwartz, M.D. "If this model is correct, it will he...

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