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Tag: "function" at biology news

Researcher to study astronaut bone loss for space biology agency

...rin, a protein that among other roles promotes the function of IGF-1 receptor. Long's and Bikle's hypothes...production decreases, which in turn diminishes the function of IGF-1 receptor in bone. Without its receptor, IGF-1 has been shown by researchers to be ineffecti...

Migration played key role in HIV spread in South Africa

...lationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications. "While there is ...uated the effect of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications. Of the 34 articles that met selection criteria, 12 were classified as...

Protein overexpression at heart of heart failure

...Ca2+]i homeostasis is essential for normal cardiac function and integrity, and dysregulation of [Ca2+]i is a hallmark of advanced heart failure.2 The primary trigger for cardiac [Ca2+]i transients is calcium entry through the pore subunit of the voltage-dependent L-type channels (L-VDCC), but their role in he...

Long-term marijuana smoking leads to respiratory complaints

...lationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications. "While there is ...uated the effect of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications. Of the 34 articles that met selection criteria, 12 were classified as...

Phthalates now linked to fat, related health risks

...n chemicals may be reducing testosterone levels or function in men, and thereby contributing to rising obesity rates and an epidemic of related disorders, such as Type 2 diabetes, said lead author Richard Stahlhut, M.D., M.P.H., a Preventive Medicine resident at the University of Rochester. The study was pub...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

...lf-perpetuating amyloid fibrils, thus altering its function in an inheritable manner. The research team used a combination of advanced biophysical methods to investigate these processes. "By focusing on single unfolded prions, we were able to define the dynamics of two distinct regions or domains that dete...

Smoking ban dramatically reduces air pollution in Irish pubs

... staff members who received pre- and post-ban lung function tests. Participants were tested prior to the March...nzene in Dublin. Among the bar staff, pulmonary function tests improved dramatically in non-smoking barmen post-ban; the workers also showed reductions in se...

New molecular pathway could reveal how cells stick together

...atory conditions," Page-McCaw said. Yet the normal function of these proteins is not well understood. The j...rong without the protein and then infer the normal function of that protein. She has previously done similar work knocking out MMP in flies. "One of the def...

Protein discovery targets antibiotic-resistant bacteria

...solve the structure and to begin to understand the function of this particular protein,?says Dr. Nancy Martin (Microbiology & Immunology), who coordinated the study with Dr. Zongchao Jia (Biochemistry). “It turns out to be a potentially good target in a wide range of bacteria that cause infectious disease...

Using brain scans, researchers find evidence for a two-stage model of human perceptual learning

..." that information ("top-down"). A human can't function without the ability to sort between objects and organize them in fluid ways, said the study's lead author, Maximilian Riesenhuber, Ph.D., the principal investigator for the Laboratory for Computational Cognitive Neuroscience. "We make sense of the wo...

Canadian study shows bilingualism has protective effect in delaying onset of dementia by four years

... which are thought to provide a general protective function against the onset of dementia symptoms. Now scientists with the Rotman Research Institute at the Baycrest Research Centre for Aging and the Brain have found the first evidence that another lifestyle factor, bilingualism, may help delay dementia s...

Instruction manual for creating a molecular nose

...uary 15, 2007). The senses of living organisms function using various mechanisms, among other things utilizing membrane proteins as receptors. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research and the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry have now succeeded in creating biosensors by incorporatin...

UCSF brain tumor vaccine trial shows promising results

...tient’s immune system to attack the tumor cells, a function that is known medically as tumor-specific immune response. All the patients had recurrent, high-grade glioma, and all showed the immune response. The vaccine is made from the patient’s own tumor. The clinical trial was conducted by the UCSF Brai...

Cancer vaccines -- Taking a jab at cancer by stimulating the immune system

... ?p53, a tumor suppressor gene. Loss of suppressor function or alteration of the p53 gene factors into nearly ...umber of different cancer types, since p53 loss of function is such a common feature of many cancers." ...

Gene that makes people 'early to bed and early to rise' demystified

...gs led the researchers to suggest a model of clock function in which cells sense changing PER2 levels over time, beginning a new daily cycle when a certain threshold is crossed. "In S662G individuals or mice, the alteration in transcription leads to production of less PER2, while the clock protein's degrad...

Bioluminescence at the service of a novel cerebral imaging technique

... new technique for the in vivo imaging of neuronal function using bioluminescence, based on a GFP-aequorin fus...males (demonstration of sexual dimorphism) or as a function of age (changes to cerebral activity during ageing). The Drosophila is an excellent model for t...

Protein sensor for fatty acid buildup in mitochondria

... to the cell's energy demands. Understanding PanK2 function is also important because mutations in this enzyme...l cells have mitochondria, and disruption of their function can cause a variety of diseases. "Our study showed the connection between the location of PanK2 ...

Exploring the molecular origin of blood clot flexibility

...y enable researchers to make predictions about the function of differently formed fibrin clots in the circulating blood or in a wound. For example, when clots are not stiff enough, problems with bleeding arise, and when clots are too stiff, there may be problems with thrombosis, which results when clots block...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...al role at the telomeres of baker's yeast. But the function of two Cdc13-associated proteins, Stn1 and Ten1, r...sly, the t-RPA complex performs the exact opposite function at chromosome ends, ensuring that these tips do not become targets for DNA repair." ...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...tations in the KRAS gene could allow the enzyme to function whether or not it receives the commanding signal from EGFR. Therefore, the inhibition of EGF receptor by cetuximab will not block the molecular signals that are activated farther down the cascade. The researchers also determined that KRAS mutation...

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