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Tag: "function" at biology news

Switching genes to overdrive improves muscular dystrophy symptoms in mice

...reduces PGC-1alpha activity, causing a loss of NMJ function and weakening, or atrophying, of muscles. Spieg...nd chemical tests, the researchers compared muscle function in the offspring with MDX mice having no additional PGC-1alpha. Both sets of rodents were run on ...

Fast and slow -- How the spinal cord controls the speed of movement

...toward basic understanding of the architecture and function of nerves in spinal cords. With regard to regeneration of spinal cords following injury, for example, medical researchers need a template for a normal spinal cord in order to know if nerves are re-growing normally, Fetcho said. In Parkinson’s dise...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

... these results, we hypothesized that enhancing UPS function would improve catalytic degradation of abnormal pr...s can reduce the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) function in Huntington¡¦s disease cells. Following compromise of the UPS, the overexpression of proteasome ac...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

... that can be used to describe how individual genes function in diverse organisms. The PAMGO project is supported by the National Science Foundation and by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service. Candace Collmer, Professor of Biology at Wells...

Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids

...y, and updated analysis of how flavonoids work and function in the human body, were recently published in Free...chemical structure and diminishes their ability to function as an antioxidant," said Balz Frei, professor and director of the Linus Pauling Institute. "The body...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

... the brain to another. Mitochondria in the neurons function like cellular powerhouses to produce those impulses through a metabolic process that combines oxygen with food calories. It is these nerve signals that cause muscles to move and thoughts to be processed. Dr. Chandrasekaran says the fluorescent marker...

Researchers find link between food odors and lifespan in fruit flies

...fruit flies to determine whether loss of olfactory function ?the sense of smell ?had an effect on lifespan. Th...fruit flies to determine whether loss of olfactory function ?the sense of smell ?had an effect on lifespan. They found that in all cases, the longevity of the m...

Study examines genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease

...essing, irreversible and progressive loss of brain function and memory. The School of Medicine’s Department of Psychological Medicine has established a bank of more than 3,000 volunteers in South Wales, and elsewhere in the UK, to identify possible genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's Disease. "This...

Genetic fingerprints identify brain tumors' origins

... looked at gene activity levels in the tumors as a function of brain location, though, a very interesting pattern began to emerge." Cells in different parts of the brain carry the same genes, but they also contain factors that modify the use of those genes, suppressing some genes and activating others to a...

Male owls pitch their hoots to advertise body weight to competitors

...ies of animal communication in order to assess the function of vocal signals), monitoring the reaction of subjects to the broadcast of vocalizations. To do this they modified the pitch of several hoots, creating stimuli that mimicked the hoots given by males from a range of body weights. They then played back...

Noise echoes in cell communications

...mness, however, isn't problematic, but a necessary function for survival. Until now, the role of randomness in sustaining life has been a great and unsolved problem. The collaborative research underway at Rutgers-Camden has led to new understanding of how living organisms might exploit randomness for importan...

Heart failure: Intervention possibilities from imaging programmed cell loss

...ges to reveal information about both structure and function to measure the amount of annexin A5 absorbed. Annexin A5 bound to the damaged heart muscle. "We discovered that higher uptake was uptake with a worse outcome. Cell death is one of the biological events that worsens left ventricular events," said Hofs...

2 brains -- 1 thought

... investigate the correlation between structure and function of a neuronal network. A common approach in sci...e analyse which structural optimisation principles function in evolution," says Timme. The dynamics of a number of very simple networks that generate repetitive...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...lans to further examine the transcription factor's function in other parts of the body where it is active, namely in skeletal and heart muscle. ...

A 'traffic light' for neurons means 'go' for improving brain research

...om exposure to the light. They resume their normal function once the exposure ends. Potential applications... in damaged spinal columns, perhaps restoring some function to the limbs of paralyzed patients. Finally, the technique could be useful in teasing out the lar...

Red flag for repetitive stress injuries identified for first time in humans

...dramatic impact of RMIs, which cause pain, loss of function and close to a third of missed workdays in the United States, at a cost of $20 billion a year in workers' compensation. In previous studies, the researchers pinpointed these early warning signals in a rat model of RMI. The current study is the fi...

Gene tests and brain imaging reveal early dementia

...ementia involves a serious deterioration of mental function caused by some kind of dementia disease of the brain, of which Alzheimer's is the most common. Although there is currently no cure for Alzheimer's, it is possible to inhibit its development if the treatment is given early enough. However, with today'...

Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia

...human chromosomes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms function as flags for researchers, allowing them to detect ...y high frequency of mutations involving genes that function as master regulators of normal B-cell development and differentiation. A report on this work app...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

...t to determine whether the declining mitochondrial function and increased intracellular fat content seen with ...t contributing factor in the reduced mitochondrial function and dysregulated intracellular fat metabolism associated with aging-induced insulin resistance and t...

Brown cancer biologists identify major player in cell growth

...lop abnormally, leukemia results. But the exact function of GABP in the cell cycle wasn't known. Rosmarin wanted to find out. So he and members of his laboratory created mice that carried a mutation -- tiny DNA sequences were inserted into their GABP-making gene. These DNA bits would serve as a time bomb o...

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