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Tag: "function" at biology news

Machine preservation may promote more organ sharing

...e pump can be used to project the kidney’s initial function ?allowing for more appropriate matching of donor o...shortage poses a challenge to optimize the use and function of all organs from deceased donors," said Stratta, explaining why it is important to compare the two...

How the brain's backup system compensates for stroke

...vity increase represented specific "rescue" of PMd function in the damaged hemisphere. In their experiments...netic pulses to temporarily and harmlessly disrupt function in the left PMd in human volunteers. To measure the subjects' ability to select action, the research...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...both types showed biochemical abnormalities in the function of the protein produced by the DISC1 gene. The researchers concluded that the different effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs on the two mutant strains "might provide clues to effective medications for these patient groups. Indeed, the...

Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified

...sor of cell biology at HMS, to show that p63’s key function was to provide the enhanced potential of stem cell... regulators will tell us much about how stem cells function and how they go awry in cancer." ...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...NOs determines whether these receptors continue to function properly. This action is controlled by the ability...le in human health and disease. "When nitric oxide function is impaired by disease, therapeutic agents like beta-agonists in asthma and adrenergic stimulants in...

First clinical trial of gene therapy for childhood blindness

...lar gene called RPE65. This defect prevents normal function of the retina, the light-sensitive layer of cells ... gene into the cells of the retina to help them to function normally. Restoring the activity in these cells should restore vision. The operation delivers the no...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...an innate immune repertoires implies that they may function in similar ways, so the hope is that we can apply what we know about human health to better understand coral disease. There may also be a direct payback, in the sense that, by exploring the ancestral immune genetic repertoire of corals and how it ...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

...that through this pathway, lethal toxin blocks the function of a protein that regulates how actin assembles," said Southwick, who believes his findings may also explain how anthrax paralyzes other types of cells, like the platelets that normally help blood clot. "We know that patients with anthrax bleed," ...

How to steer a moving cell

...eomics ?the large-scale study of the structure and function of proteins and their functions ?has allowed them to map an extensive network of the signaling proteins that control cell movement. Their work, providing the first comprehensive profile of cell movement, could lead to a better understanding of cel...

Newborn neurons like to hang with the 'in' crowd

...ne's brain cells is the best way to optimize brain function throughout one's lifetime. ...

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

... that variations of these genes have on brain-cell function could lead to explanations of how they contribute to the condition and how it might be better prevented or treated. "Treatments that target just a few of these genes or the proteins they make could yield substantial benefits for patients. Lithium...

Gene mutation linked to cognition is found only in humans

...e that further studies should probe the biological function of type II neuropsin in humans, as the extra 45 amino acids in this form may cause protein structural and functional changes. They note that in order to understand the genetic basis that underlies the traits that set humans apart from nonhuman primat...

Automatic identification of protein's critical features from the structure

...shion. In biology, the capacity to establish the function of a molecule, proteins in particular, from its form is relevant to understand how living forms work, and to develop effective treatments and diagnostic tests. The scientists led by Dr. Gabriel del Río at the Instituto de Fisiologia Celular/UNAM,...

Study offers clues to 'Broken Heart Syndrome'

...llow-up echocardiography within a few weeks. Heart function was found to be normal in 29 of 30. Dr. Regnante said that long-term follow-up will be critical to improved understanding of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. In addition, he and his colleagues are gathering information on patients who have intravascular...

Researchers attach genes to minichromosomes in maize

...osomes have been made. Minichromosomes are able to function in many of the same ways as chromosomes but allow for genes to be stacked on them. Although other forms of genetic modification in plants are currently utilized, the new minichromosomes are particularly useful because they allow scientists to add num...

Sleepless for science: Flies show link between sleep, immune system in Stanford study

...period". They found that the loss of either gene's function made the flies more sensitive to bacterial infections and these sick flies died significantly faster than control flies, which lived two to four times as long as the sick ones. "We want to know how the internal clock knows the animal is infected, ...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

... the carotid artery, at the level of the neck. Its function is to control the rhythm of respiration and the cardiac frequency through releasing dopamine in situations of low oxygen level in the blood. After the implantation of the cellular aggregates of the carotid body into the striate area of the brain, the...

Iowa State scientists demonstrate first use of nanotechnology to enter plant cells

...led release will improve the ability to study gene function in plants. And in the future, scientists could use the new technology to deliver imaging agents or chemicals inside cell walls. This would provide plant biologists with a window into intracellular events. The Iowa State team, which has been workin...

Do fruit flies have free will?

...ontaneity. "We found that there must be an evolved function in the fly brain which leads to spontaneous variations in fly behavior" Sugihara said. "The results of our analysis indicate a mechanism which might be common to many other animals and could form the biological foundation for what we experience as fr...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...thesis that protein architectures that perform one function are often recruited to perform new tasks. The new, global family tree of protein architecture also revealed that many metabolic protein folds are quite ancient: These architectures were found to be quite common in all the species of bacteria, anim...

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