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Tag: "fruit" at biology news

Jefferson researchers uncover new way nature turns genes on and off

Peering deep within the cells of fruit flies, developmental biologists at the Kimmel Canc... known in higher organisms," he explains. In the fruit fly, HOX gene activity is maintained by genes and proteins in the Trithorax group (TrxG). These prot...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...rt of the island where soils are poorer, access to fruit is most iffy and the impact of El Niño events can be significant. Those factors "converge to produce an environment for orangutans of eastern Borneo that is at times seriously resource-limited," the scientists wrote. During extensive fruit-short pe...

Disappearing nest egg: Researcher studying declining numbers of macaws

...'s highly-sought after by the local people for its fruit ?the nearby city of Iquitos consumes up to 15 tons of the fruit per day. But the tree is also a frequent home to macaws, who nest in it and who also enjoy eating...

Honey bee genome holds clues to social behavior

...on factors known to function in the development of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) from a single cell...at genes involved in nervous-system development in fruit flies are re-used by nature for behavioral functions in adult honey bees." Their findings, Sinha s...

Researchers use multiphoton microscopy to watch chromosomes in action

Feverish fruit fly larvae, warmed in a toasty lab chamber, are gi...activate their genes to synthesize key proteins in fruit fly cells. The advance could be a significant step toward understanding the basic processes that und...

Hard-wiring the fruit fly's visual system

Both vertebrate and fruit fly have so-called visual maps in the brain that r...n Drosophila melanogaster, the most common form of fruit fly used in laboratories around the world. "There is a genetic component (to formation of the vert...

Age-related changes in DNA repair illuminate the connection between age and genetic damage

...he new work, researchers found that cells in young fruit flies make use of a different mix of molecular DNA-repair mechanisms compared to cells in older flies. The findings are reported by William Engels and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin and appear in the October 24th issue of the journal Curre...

Fruit fly aggression studies have relevance to humans, animals

Even the tiny, mild-mannered fruit fly can be a little mean sometimes ?especially when there's a choice bit of rotten fruit to fight over. And, like people, some flies have shorter tempers than others. Researchers in the N...

Bitter taste identifies poisons in foods

... of detecting toxins in the natural setting of the fruit and vegetable plant matrix," said senior author Paul Breslin, a Monell sensory scientist. Glucosinolates act as anti-thyroid compounds. The thyroid converts iodine into thyroid hormones, which are essential for protein synthesis and regulation of ...

Psst! Coffee drinkers: Fruit flies have something to tell you about caffeine

...opkins researchers began by testing whether mutant fruit flies prefer eating sugar over sugar laced with ca... color-coding sweet and bitter substances eaten by fruit flies and examining the coloring that shows up in their translucent bellies, the Hopkins team hoped ...

Mirrors in the mind: New studies elucidate how the brain reflects onto itself the actions of others

...s activated that were also stimulated by videos of fruit being bitten. Similar findings were obtained for hand actions (for example, grasping a pen) and foot actions (for example, pressing a piano pedal). Together, the findings suggest that mirror neurons play a key role in the mental "re-enactment" of act...

Researchers barcode DNA of Venice museum's vast fungi collection

...esearchers traditionally need to wait for fungi to fruit or mushroom to identify them. "This can be very limiting because mushrooms are only produced seasonally, with some species only fruiting once every several years," said Garbelotto. "The database we are creating will allow people to identify the fungi...

Neural stem cells lend the brain a surprising capacity for self-repair

...an and his colleagues first discovered Numb in the fruit fly Drosophila more than 10 years ago. The gene was found by them and others to play a role in determining the fate of neuroblasts, cells that develop into neurons or other support cells in the insects' brains. Later, researchers found two functional...

A natural chemical found in strawberries boosts memory in healthy mice

...ers have long exhorted their children to eat their fruit and vegetables. But once kids are beyond mom's watchful eye, the hated greens often go the way of Barbie dolls and power rangers. Now, there's another reason to reach for colorful fruits past adolescence. Fisetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid com...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...ke a girl or fighting like a boy is hardwired into fruit fly neurons, according to a study in the Nov. 19 N...rofessor of neurobiology at HMS, who developed the fruit fly fighting model used. "We want to understand that. I can't think of a better system to study than...

Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm

... the same activity during the creation of sperm in fruit flies and mice, suggesting that the mechanisms governing genome compaction are evolutionarily ancient, highly conserved in species whose lineages diverged long ago. A report on the new study appears in the September 15 issue of Genes & Developmen...

'Tribbles' protein implicated in common and aggressive form of leukemia

... Star Trek series. Tribbles was first described in fruit flies. "Tribbles had never been directly linke... and others off. Pear and colleagues knew from fruit fly studies that the Tribbles protein was linked to cell growth and cell-fate determination and is c...

Most important actors in the growth process of neurons identified

...consequence of damaged or diseased neurons. The fruit fly as model Bassem Hassan is using the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) as model for his research. Many processes in this small fly are in fac...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

...lly, the researchers have found two genes from two fruit fly species ( Drosophila melanogaster and D. sim...es is "turned off" and then crossed with the other fruit fly species, the males survive. "We have found the first example of two genes that interact to cau...

First biomarker for human sleepiness identified in fruit flies

...f Sciences. Shaw's lab was the first to show that fruit flies enter a state of inactivity comparable to sl...ctivity level after sleep deprivation in different fruit fly lines genetically altered to modify their sleep drive. In one key test, amylase did not incre...

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