Tag: "frontal" at biology news

Drug That 'Tags' Decision-making Areas Of The Brain May Aid

... Nifrolidine binds to receptors in thetemporal and frontal cortex, areas that are responsible for learningand memory as well as reasoning, planning, problem solving and emotion.According to Mukherjee, patients with Alzheimer’s disease have beenknown to have a 30 percent to 50 percent loss of these receptors ...

Investigating 'brain shrinkage' in alcoholics

..."Some nerve cells cannot be replaced, those in the frontal cortex, cerebellum and several regions deep in the...ong with neural systems damage, commonly affecting frontal lobe based systems and their functions, which include decision making, inhibition, problem solving, ...

Brain networks change according to cognitive task

...ddition to the task-specific regions, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the fusiform gyrus (FG) were engaged by both tasks. Dynamic Causal Modeling, the new method examining the influences between brain regions, indicates that each task preferentially strengthened the influences converging on the task spe...

Researchers use brain scans to predict behavior

...ivity partially found in the rewards system in the frontal lobes. "The rewards system is involved in regulating behavior based on previous experiences of rewards and punishments," d'Avossa says. "It also may help us build up predictions of what the world should be like and how certain events go together. Whe...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...in "executive function" in portions of the brain's frontal lobes than with a selective deficit in the brain's...of information from faces. These portions of the frontal lobes are where "executive" tasks, such as sifting through complex information, selecting task-appro...

Womb needed for proper brain development

...nts taken from the ultrasounds showed that certain frontal portions of the brains of the premature babies were comparable at birth to the brains of babies still in utero at that stage of gestation. However, after about 10 weeks in intensive care, the second measurement of the premature babies' brains showed ...

Mapping alcohol brain damage

...g to find out is, what's different in the superior frontal cortex [front of brain] when you compare alcoholics with controls, that's not different in a spared area of the brain," Dr Dodd said. "In that way we can start to find those messages that show altered expression in the area of the brain that shows ...

UCLA imaging study of children with autism finds broken mirror neuron system

...o activity in the pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, identified by previous research as a key part of the mirror neuron system. Importantly, the level of mirror neuron activity seen in children with autism was inversely related to symptom severity in the social domain. Children with autism als...

You will remember this

...e electrical activity maintained a high level over frontal parts of the scalp just before the word was shown, then it was likely that the subject would remember the word up to 50 minutes later - and after doing a series of other word tests. On the other hand, if the voltage was lower, the subjects were less ...

Aggression-related gene weakens brain's impulse control circuits

...ant for motivation and impulse regulation (orbital frontal cortex) was increased by 14 percent in men only. A...trinsically weaker connections between the orbital frontal cortex and amygdala in all men, say the researchers. "Heightened sensitivity in brain circuits imp...

Oops! Researchers publish new findings on the brain's response to costly mistakes

..., a larger region of the brain known as the medial frontal cortex. Working with Joe Himle, Ph.D., and Laura Nisenson, Ph.D., from the U-M Anxiety Disorders Program in the Department of Psychiatry, he performed a study in OCD patients that showed heightened response to errors in the same area. Now, the fMRI ...

Understanding the actions of others requires the frontal cortex

By stimulating the frontal cortex in adults, researchers have shown that this...ears that if a person suffers a stroke in the left frontal cortex, he or she often suffers difficulties in speaking and with understanding language. However, b...

Memory loss affects more of the brain than previously thought

...to AD, and found altered functionality in both the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. Previous studies ...g-term memory formation. "Involvement of both the frontal and temporal lobes in the earliest stages of AD suggests the possibility of a breakdown in the commu...

Everything in its place: Researchers identify brain cells used to categorize images

...ology. "Some areas of the brain, particularly the frontal and temporal lobes, have been associated with visual categorization. Since these brain areas are all interconnected, an important next step will be to determine their relative roles in the categorization process." We are not born with a built-in abi...

Researchers find cause of frontotemporal dementia

...entia in patients younger than 65. FTD affects the frontal lobe, causing the brain tissue to die off. The frontal lobe is the foremost part of the brain and accounts for about 30% of the brain's mass. Among other t...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with autism

...be limited, particularly in the connections to the frontal cortex, limiting what types of networks can be use...ly implicate the lower synchronization between the frontal cortex and other portions of the brain. They have discovered that key portions of the corpus callosu...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...ase, schizophrenia, Tourette's syndrome, traumatic frontal brain lobe injury and a host of other human mental disorders for which set shifting is an important monitoring tool." According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 3.4 per 1,000 children have autism or another autism spectrum d...

Master planners in brain may coordinate other areas' roles in cognitive tasks

...e dorsal anterior cingulate and the left and right frontal operculum. The cingulate is found near the midline of the top of the brain; the opercula are at the base of the brain in both the left and right hemispheres. "For years, when you looked at maps of what different parts of the brain do, the opercula ...

Smoking changes brain chemistry

...oncentration of total creatine (tCr) levels in the frontal lobes was typically higher in the smokers who did not use patches compared to those who did. The metabolite tCr plays an important role in supplying energy to the muscle cells. Higher tCr levels have been associated with stimulant use. Furthermore, t...

Study offers window into human behavior, brain disease

...om them ?were localized in only two regions of the frontal lobes. The cells received only limited attention in the ensuing years, but in the meantime scientists determined that the brain regions in which von Economo neurons arise -- the anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortex -- are key targets of fron...

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