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Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...cular cargo. When delivering their goods, vesicles from one cell fuse with the outermost membrane of another cell to form a series of hybrid structures called fusion intermediates. Through evolution, viruses have also become skilled at fusing with cells to unload their genetic contents, which turn host c...

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

...arge cooperative study with major findings arising from the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology, (CHAVI... it enters the body, which keeps the immune system from recognizing the virus as foreign. HLA-C however is not thought to be turned off by HIV-1. The new re...

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

... cells where pain and itch signals are transmitted from the skin to the brain. The researchers, led by Zho...used by skin disorders like eczema, or it can stem from a deeper problem such as kidney failure or liver disease. It can be a serious side effect of cancer ...

FDA sees nanotech challenges in every product category it regulates

...roducts.” Just released, this is the first report from the Food and Drug Administration’s Nanotechnology ...perties of nanoscale materials are often different from their larger counterparts, they potentially lead to different safety issues. The report’s recommenda...

One species, many genomes

...idopsis thaliana are often substantially different from the laboratory strain of this small mustard plant,...led differences distinguish the genomes of strains from the polar circle or the subtropics, from America, Africa or Asia has been investigated for the first...

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...nome in 486 patients, mostly European, preselected from 30,000 potential candidates. These variations, k...illion genetic variations –which make us different from one another– 90% of which are due to SNPs. Hence, a good knowledge of these variations is highly val...

Art and music for the birds

.... Demaray’s concept of art for the birds hatched from a conversation with co-creator John Walsh, a video...ctive exhibit receive a schedule of songs emitting from each station, which will repeat approximately five songs each. Birds can tune in to classics like ...

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

...on as targets for improved drugs that could result from the study’s findings. The study provides the fir...ete, Chen said. The debate over how signals pass from the outside of a cell to the inside is a long-standing one. Some researchers had suggested that wh...

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

...d paper jammed in a copy machine, prevent proteins from being made. Josh Mendell, M.D., Ph.D., an assi...suggesting that this microRNA gets its kill orders from p53. When researchers examined pancreatic cancer cells known to contain damaged or missing p53, t...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...ll, researchers Ming-Kuem Lin and William J. Lucas from the University of California, Davis, together with...ting efficient transmission of a florigenic signal from the C. maxima stocks through the phloem into the scions. Analyses performed on phloem sap collected ...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...e-carrying protein called paxillin moving abruptly from hubs of communication and transportation activity ...d-fluorescence-tagged paxillin molecules traveling from cells’ outer membrane along green-fluorescence-labeled traces of cytoskeleton. Even without video ev...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...t leukemia, with 15,300 new cases and 4,500 deaths from the disease expected this year in the United States. The leukemia is slightly more common in men than women, and typically strikes people who are in their 50s, 60s and 70s. About 90 percent of CLL cases are sporadic; that is, they have no genetic...

Agent slows aging in mice

... scientist Richard A. Miller reports early results from a mouse study his lab and two others are conductin...one agent showed promise: NDGA, a compound derived from creosote bushes. These common North American desert shrubs have been traditionally used by Native Am...

Enzyme delivered in smaller package protects cells from radiation damage

...icine research team, collaborating with scientists from Stanford University, have developed a new, smaller...se superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) could protect mice from whole body irradiation, and in preparation for a potential clinical trial of systemic MnSOD in human...

Innovative smallpox vaccine research study to be conducted at Case Medical Center

...HCMC. The new vaccine, IMVAMUNE®, is different from Dryvax® in that it contains a more weakened form of the live-virus within the vaccine. “Because the vaccine is weakened, the side effects should be minimized enough to give the vaccine to all individuals, even those whose immune systems are suppr...

Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death

...However, some cancerous cells not only dodge death from apoptosis by eliminating caspase activation, but t... The discovery that GAPDH appears to save cells from CICD suggests that blocking this enzyme would kill abnormal cells that lack caspase activation and c...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...al of Clinical Investigation, a team of scientists from the University of Rochester Medical Center shows t...e,” said O’Banion. “But much of the evidence comes from experiments with cells in a dish or postmortem human tissue, not from living organisms in which dise...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

...has been difficult due to the scarring that occurs from radiation. “Finding better markers for detectin...tongue) in 2007, and that 7,550 Americans will die from it. Alcohol and tobacco use are the most important risk factors for head and neck cancers, with toba...

Releasing fish for the future

...PI and the Recreational Fishing Trust (using money from licence fees), is developing protocols designed to... through changed practices. Key recommendations from an initial two-year project are that fishers should Cut the line on fish that swallow hooks ...

Pregnant mom's exposure to flu vaccine kick-starts fetal immune system

...gation, a team of researchers led by Rachel Miller from Columbia University used this technique to study cord blood B and T cell immune responses following maternal vaccination against influenza with Fluzone during pregnancy. The vaccination of pregnant women against influenza is considered safe and is re...

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