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Tag: "forming" at biology news

Tetracycline plus teeth equal gray smile

... antibiotic during their pregnancy. When teeth are forming in utero, the drug becomes calcified in the dental and enamel of the child's teeth and creates a permanent dark and deep gray or brown stain over the entire tooth. Other stains appear in a pattern of horizontal stripes of varying intensity. Also, dur...

Scientists uncover rules for gene amplification

...ng regions are amplified intrachromosomal segments forming large genomic regions. Some strategies of pharmaceutical research in cancer prevention and treatment could involve curbing cancer development via restricting gene amplification. The first step towards achieving this is to discover the rules that gove...

Brittle prions are more infectious

...strategies now aim at preventing the proteins from forming in the first place," he said. In future studies, Weissman and his colleagues plan to expand their analytical model to describe in more detail how prions' physical properties lead to different physiological effects. They also plan more detailed analy...

Survival of the selfless - scientists find cheats don't always prosper

...er to build functioning individuals to individuals forming societies." The researchers suggest that the ideal organism type would be one that can switch between selfish and efficient metabolism. Dr MacLean adds: "While microbes are obviously not capable of rational thought, they can change their behaviour ...

How plants avoid feeling the burn

...and chemically bound between these two electrodes, forming a kind of nanoscale bridge. "Gold is a soft metal, and when you pull it apart, eventually, you can measure the conduction of a single carotenoid molecule between the gold electrodes," said Fisher. The research team found that, especially when compa...

Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility

...zyme that stopped growth inhibitory molecules from forming in the small scar that forms at the exit ramp of the bridge, where it is inserted into the spinal cord on the other side of the lesion. This allowed the growing axons to reconnect with the spinal cord. Jerry Silver, a professor of neurosciences at...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

...eds around which water vapor in the air condenses, forming tiny water droplets that rise as they release heat. As the small droplets rise, they collide and merge with larger droplets. When the droplets reach a critical size, gravity takes over, causing them to fall from the cloud in the form of rain. One o...

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...een the two core domains of a pair of p53 proteins forming a dimer tracks to a part of the protein often mutated in cancers. This suggests that the interface between the two proteins of the dimer is likely as important for the proper functioning of the tetramer as its interface with DNA, which also depends o...

Genetic snooze button governs timing of spring flowers

...roductive organs of plants and are responsible for forming seeds and fruit. As their name implies, biennials complete their life cycles in two years, germinating, growing and overwintering the first year. The second year, the plants flower in the spring and die back in the fall. That biennial strategy, Am...

When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren’t quite so random, study finds

...rpin pause sites, but not actually backtracking or forming hairpins. "That's great," Block said. "It's telling us that the enzyme is doing just what it should. After all, it's seen the same sequence eight times in a row, so it had better do the same thing eight times in a row. It also paused at several oth...

Making a face: A new and earlier marker of neural crest development

...ught, and is independent of interaction with other forming tissues, according to a recent study published in ... higher vertebrates that retain bone and cartilage forming potential." ...

Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors

...cals, or morphogens, diffusing across surfaces and forming shapes where they interact. Few Turing-type models, however, addressed the fact that such patterns may evolve over time. A two-stage variation of Turing's model, recently developed by physicists at Taiwan's National Chung-Hsing University and Oxford'...

Bone marrow may restore cells lost in vision diseases

...e. RPE plays a vital role in our visual health by forming the outer barrier of the retina and supporting the function of cells that receive light. Damage to RPE is present in many diseases of the retina, including age-related macular degeneration, which affects more than 1.75 million people in the United St...

UCLA researchers develop T-cells from human embryonic stem cells

...ort cells, which in turn converted them into blood forming cells. Those cells were then injected into a human thymus gland that had been implanted in a mouse, and the thymus then changed those blood-forming cells into T-cells. Located just above the heart in humans, the thymus is the organ where T-cells deve...

Important gene controlling tree growth and development found

...adopted to these conditions by stopping growth and forming buds at the end of summer or early fall. Decidious trees also shed their leaves. The tree is now dormant and is as such much more resistant to drought and frost than if it had been actively growing. It has been known for a long time that the trees s...

Electric fish in Africa could be example of evolution in action

... conclusion: The fish appear to be on the verge of forming two separate species. "We think we are seeing evolution in action," said Matt Arnegard, a neurobiology postdoctoral researcher in the laboratory of Carl Hopkins, Cornell professor of neurobiology and behavior, who has been recording electric fish in...

Bacterial 'switch gene' regulates how oceans emit sulfur into atmosphere

...mary plankton involved in directing DMSP away from forming DMS, and thus making sulfur unavailable to atmospheric processes. Dramatic advances in understanding how these plankton work have developed in the past few years with the availability of new genomic data. The scientists searched genome fragments of...

UWM brain research supports drug development from jellyfish protein

...n called the hippocampus, which is responsible for forming new memories. These capabilities not only deteriorate in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, but they also become impaired simply by aging. Aging increases the number of "doors" that allow calcium ions to enter the cells, he s...

New finding points way to foiling anthrax's tricks

...no effective treatment. The bacteria succeed by forming capsules that invade lung cells, then capturing iron in order to reproduce, and finally, manufacturing a toxin that kills the cells and releases thousands of new spores into the bloodstream. Because the iron-capture stage is critical to growth, it...

Study shows how herpes infects cornea, evades immune cells

...ct the virus particles, and then wrap around them, forming a sac, and bring them into the cell body," Shukla said. In phagocytes, ingested foreign particles are destroyed in the sacs, which are highly acidic. But even though the sacs formed by the stroma cells were similar to the phagocyte's sacs, Shukla s...

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