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Tag: "forming" at biology news

DNA Molecules Used To Assemble Nanoparticles

...equences on other dendrimers and knitted together, forming barbell shaped two-dendrimer complexes with folate on one end and fluorescence on the other end. Folate receptors are over-expressed on the surface of cancer cells, so these dendrimer clusters would tend to flock to the diseased cells. The other end...

Emory Study Tests Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Improve Circulation in Legs

...ar system corrects theproblem on its own either by forming new blood vessels, called"collaterals," that bypass the blockages, or by repairing the diseasedblood vessels. This repair process results in improved circulation evenduring exercise. Some people are not able to repair their own vessels,however, and p...

NYU Study Reveals How Brain's Immune System Fights Viral Encephalitis

...s. If this fails, interferons block the virus from forming particles which can be released and infect other neurons. This is critical, since the immune system does not kill infected precious neurons the way it does other cells, which can be replaced. The researchers attributed the spread of viral encephalit...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...o splice the ends of the surrounding RNA together, forming a functional gene," Golden said. "We can design introns and re-engineer them so they will do this to RNA in which we're interested." Once thought of as genetic junk, introns are bits of DNA that can activate their own removal from RNA, which transla...

Color-blind method opens new doors in DNA sequencing

...anized in such a way that A binds T and G binds C, forming a double helical structure. Each person's genome consists of a unique ordering of some 3 billion base pairs, and 'DNA sequencing' refers to the process scientists use to read out the order of those nucleotides. In sequencing, scientists first extrac...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

... slate" state. Embryonic stem cells are capable of forming any of the 220 tissues and cells in the human body and, in culture, are constantly trying to migrate down different developmental pathways. Maintaining stock cultures in their undifferentiated state is critical. The feeder cell dogma now can be over...

First real-time view of developing neurons reveals surprises, say Stanford researchers

...es also seem to be caused by brain connections not forming normally. Dyslexia, for example, may be caused by connections failing to form between certain brain regions, whereas schizophrenia may result from too many connections forming. What's more, any cure for spinal cord injuries will require new neurons ...

Scientists discover that host cell lipids facilitate bacterial movement

...filaments push the bacterium against the membrane, forming long membrane projections called filopodia. These filopodia push into adjacent cells and are ingested by them. The bacteria then enter the new cell and begin the cycle anew. Essentially Listeria takes over or hijacks the host cell's actin cytoskeleto...

LUCA technologies confirms real-time methane generation

...ting, microbial consortia are present and actively forming methane within some of these hydrocarbon substrates. In addition to demonstrating that methane formation by these microbes can be stimulated by the introduction of nutrients or suppressed by heat sterilization or the introduction of oxygen, Luca has ...

NYU study reveals how brain's immune system fights viral encephalitis

...s. If this fails, interferons block the virus from forming particles which can be released and infect other neurons. This is critical, since the immune system does not kill infected precious neurons the way it does other cells, which can be replaced. The researchers attributed the spread of viral encephalit...

Nanoparticles offer new hope for detection and treatment

...y to complementary "loops" found on cells in newly forming blood vessels. When the nanoparticles hooked the "loops" on the new vessels' cells, they revealed the location of the tumors. Nanoparticles are particularly useful because of their adaptability, according to Lanza, who sees patients at Barnes Jewish...

Infants With Rare Genetic Disease Saved by Cord Blood Stem Cells

...n which children are missing an enzyme critical to forming the myelin sheath that protects developing brain cells from damage. Moreover, the findings add to the growing body of evidence showing that cord blood can save children with other fatal "lysosomal storage diseases," each of which stems from a specifi...

Leprosy microbes lead scientists to immune discovery

...y differentiated into the two distinct cell types, forming the body's emergency response to the detection of foreign bacteria. One category of defensive cells, macrophages, seek out and engulf the infectious bugs. The other group consists of dendritic, or "antigen-presenting" cells, which seize distinctive p...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

..., they get kicked out and start traveling alone or forming small bachelor herds." The search for a mate in this vast wilderness is further complicated by the elephant's reproductive biology. Females breed when they are in estrus--a brief period of ovulation that only occurs every two years and lasts just a f...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...s of retrotransposons are more likely to interact, forming a kink in the DNA. Rearrangements may occur when t...duplicate late and also include sequences prone to forming kinks, or hairpin structures, like those observed in yeast. "The findings may ultimately help us be...

Double triumph in stem cell quest

...that, like true ESCs, the stembrids are capable of forming cancers called teratomas, which contain a mixture of different cell types, when injected into immune-compromised mice, Trounson says. "Until they have done these studies, we must remain very sceptical." Delegates at the meeting were dismayed that Ve...

Infants with Rare Genetic Disease Saved By Cord Blood Stem Cells

...n which children are missing an enzyme critical to forming the myelin sheath that protects developing brain cells from damage. Moreover, the findings add to the growing body of evidence showing that cord blood can save children with other fatal "lysosomal storage diseases," each of which stems from a specifi...

Science study holds implications for gene therapy and stem cell biology

...ortant evidence that tells us more about how blood forming stem cells regenerate. On the other hand, scientists offer caution in regards to the side effects associated with genetic engineering of stem cells. The study, whose lead author is Christopher Baum, MD, an adjunct associate professor of experimental...

Currents could disrupt ocean food chain

...nishes the supply of phytoplankton at the surface, forming a rich nutrient source at the bottom of the marine food web. There is growing concern by a number of scientists, however, that higher levels of human-generated carbon dioxide could increase water and air temperatures and decrease salinity in the Nor...

Vitamin A's paradoxical role in influencing symmetry during embryonic development revealed

...ells enter the node region of the embryo and begin forming the embryo's three main layers of cells that organize into the brain and nervous system, the gastrointestinal tract, and other systems of the body. Cells in the vicinity of the node are instructed to behave differently depending on whether they are ...

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