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Tag: "formed" at biology news

Study identifies gene in mice that may control risk-taking behavior in humans

...e can remember things better if those memories are formed at a time when there is a strong emotional impact - times when we are frightened, angry or falling in love," he said. "That's called emotional-memory formation. The amygdala is the part of the brain that is responsible for formation of emotional memo...

U-M researchers identify new blood test for prostate cancer

...he men with prostate cancer. This discovery phase formed the basis for the next round of tests, in which 59 prostate cancer samples and 70 control samples were tested against the 186 autoantibodies. In this phase, the researcher identified a panel of 22 compounds that best distinguished the prostate cancer...

Targeting a key enzyme with gene therapy reversed course of Alzheimer's disease in mouse models

...onset of dementia by many years. These plaques are formed when enzymes cleave the amyloid precursor protein (APP) releasing the toxic beta amyloid fragments that clump together to form the sticky plaques. One of the enzymes doing the cleaving is called beta secretase or BACE1. And although the production o...

Nanoscale method for investigating living systems

...dots would be pressed into the membranes. The dots formed rings, which in turn acted as portals in the membr...relationship. "What we found was that quantum dots formed their own pores, which in the long run could mean that we could combine optical activity and readout...

Researchers discover how malaria parasite disperses from red blood cells

...partments, called vacuoles, which encase the newly formed merozoites, also break apart. The entire process has an explosive appearance, dispersing the merozoites some distance from the cell. During the release, Dr. Zimmerberg explained, the cell membrane appears to collapse inward upon itself and fragme...

Researchers Create DNA-Based Sensors for Nano-Tongues and Nano-Noses

...red a target molecule. Single-walled nanotubes are formed from a single sheet of carbon molecules connected together and then rolled. It is a unique material in which every atom is on both the surface and the interior. Although nanotubes have many applications, they are extremely sensitive to electrostatic ...

Genomics researchers discover protein deficit that causes drug toxicity

...r certain genetic conditions, key proteins are not formed properly -- they are "misfolded." When misfolding happens, the quality-control process in the cell detects the misfolded proteins and tags them for immediate destruction or quarantines them in a "cellular trash can" known as an aggresome (last syllab...

NYU chemists use computer simulation to enhance understanding of DNA transcription

..., the researchers found that the nucleosomal array formed irregular three-dimensional zig-zag structures at high salt concentrations and "beads-on-a-string" structures at low salt, demonstrating that the structure of chromatin strongly depends on its salt environment. To Schlick and her colleagues, these r...

Gradient guides nerve growth down spinal cord

... gradient of various Wnt proteins, including Wnt4, formed along the spinal cord around the time of birth. Here they show that two other proteins, Wnt1 and Wnt5a are produced at high concentrations at the top of the cord and at consecutively lower levels farther down. They also found that motor nerves are g...

Long-sought flower-inducing molecule found

...rsday 11th, they show how a small molecule that is formed in the plant leaves is transported to the shoot tips where it induces the formation of flowers. This knowledge can lead to the development of new tools that can be used to control the timing of plant flowering, something that is of central importance...

Einstein researchers identify new way that bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics

...event fluoroquinolones from binding to the complex formed by the enzyme and DNA. Now, the Science article has identified a new strategy by which TB bacteria may be able to resist fluoroquinolones--and that other microbes are already using. After studying the three-dimensional structure of a TB protein call...

Environment, not genes, key in family relationships

...wins to genetically unrelated children in families formed by remarriages, the researchers were able to identify those traits that had a greater correlation with environmental components and those that related more to a genetic background. The researchers completed a factor analysis of the data, finding thr...

New tooth enamel dating technique could help identify disaster victims

...spheric record for carbon-14 to when the tooth was formed and calculate the age of the tooth, and its owner,...rked," he said. "And if you look at multiple teeth formed at different times, you can get (the age range) even tighter." Previous techniques, such as evaluati...

New partnership to clear landmines for African Elephants

...ngolan conflict that ended in 2002, landmines have formed deadly barriers for humans and wildlife in Kuando-Kubango Province. They prevent area residents from walking safely on their land or cultivating their fields. Similarly, the 130,000 elephants of northern Botswana cannot re-establish themselves in th...

Fish and chips: A fast track to understanding blood development

...n the fish embryos and watched to see if the blood formed normally. They found that disrupting the expression of 14 of these genes resulted in defects in how blood cells developed in zebrafish. The next step is finding out how these 14 genes are involved in the development of blood cells in mammals, as wel...

UW-Madison scientists zero in on drugs' sweet spots

...rugs from natural products. The group was recently formed with the help of a $5.6 million grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The new work by Thorson was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the NCI. Thorson's collaborators include Joseph Langenhan, a former UW-Madison graduate st...

North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome

...ted with Chagas disease is triggered by antibodies formed by an infected individual's immune system in respo... elements, such as specialized tools to send newly formed proteins into or through membranes. If anything, Frank expected the trypanosome's ribosome might be ...

Virginia Tech football player uses prototype cast

... partnership with this medical school in 2001, and formed the School of Biomedical Engineering and Science. Love said, "The resulting stiffness and strength of the laminated structures has not been fully evaluated, but qualitative testing has shown that these structures are demonstrably stiffer than the cu...

Scientists get first glimpse at how plants, most animals repair UV-damaged DNA

...atory tools. Scientists also knew that the enzyme formed a tiny water-filled pocket to host the damage site within a cell nucleus, said Zhong. But until his latest series of experiments, nobody knew how water affected the reaction. The Ohio State researchers mixed photolyase with UV-damaged DNA, and hit t...

New book expands biological classifications to account for 'alien' life

...ribonucleic acid, or RNA. Other dominions could be formed to cover life discovered to have a different base than DNA or RNA. The dominions would be placed within broader classifications called "arborea," which contain life that does not mix with that of other arborea. The Earth arborea would contain all li...

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