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Tag: "force" at biology news

Knowledge of dendritic cells branches out

...that deal with specific problems ?just as a police force might have different departments to deal with armed robberies, homicides and fraud. These discoveries at WEHI have profoundly altered our understanding of this important aspect of the immune system. The research received advance online publication ...

Biological motors sort molecules one by one on a chip

...n in the channels. Because of this, the electrical force could be exerted on the individual microtubules. T...searchers discovered that by using this electrical force they could push the front of the microtubule into the determined direction. To demonstrate this, t...

Proteins as parents

... of all the proteins were investigated with atomic force microscopy. To do this, one end of the protein cha... other end was adsorbed onto the tip of the atomic force microscope. When the tip is gradually pulled away from the support, the protein elongates and the fo...

Methane-belching bugs inspire a new theory of the origin of life on Earth

...molecules. "But that's not really what the driving force was in early evolution," Ferry asserts. "Nobody had properly considered thermodynamics." "The problem of early energy sources has largely been ignored by the classical origin-of-life field," Molecular Biology and Evolution's Martin says, "which has...

Smell of success for nanobiosensors

... level has been developed and adapted to an atomic force microscope with atofarad precision (10 -15 ). This, Samitier says, could lead to medical applications to diagnose organ failure, bacterial infections or diseases such as cancer being made commercially available within a few years, as well as devices...

Surprise finding for stretched DNA

... to overwind. This overwinding continues until the force being applied to stretch the DNA exceeds about 30 ...Newtons. (One picoNewton is about a trillionth the force required to hold an apple against Earth's gravity.) Beyond the 30 picoNewton threshold, the DNA doub...

Study reveals details of mussels' tenacious bonds

...nce, attached single DOPA amino acids to an atomic force microscope tip and measured the strength of interaction between DOPA and inorganic and organic surfaces. They found that on an inorganic metal oxide surface DOPA interacts with the substrate by a coordinated noncovalent interaction, which is over a...

The vicious cycle of rainforest destruction

... set to increase beyond current estimates it could force a change in international targets for reducing carbon emissions. ...

Scientists aim to thwart use of flu as bioweapon

...n as humdrum and routine, and there was no driving force to do that research. It just sort of blended into the background. People assumed that since there is a vaccine, it wasn't a disease of interest any more. "But with bird flu on the horizon and the vaccine shortages that have occurred in recent years,...

Adult stem cells are touchy-feely, need environmental clues

...mal stem cells sense their environment through the force it takes them to push against surrounding objects....cles. According to the researchers, the amount of force the stem cell needs to move its cellular muscles triggers an internal chemical signal that, in turn,...

Tiny shock absorbers help bacteria stick around inside the body

... a finger trap, and actually gets stronger as drag force is exerted on a bacterium. Rather than being swept...onds release their grip when there is little or no force on the bacteria. In new research, the scientists have learned that the mechanical properties of the...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover new cell properties

...HGPS nucleus from some forces, but under excessive force the HGPS lamina was more brittle and eventually fr...n egg shell that cracks when excessive pressure or force is exerted against it," Dahl said. "By contrast, normal lamina resembles the rubbery outer shell of ...

Researchers find molecular 'brake' to cell death

...nged approach to overriding this brake in order to force a tumor cell to die. Very few drugs do this now, they say. The discovery "demonstrates that apoptosis is more complicated than had been believed, and consequently harder to achieve," says the study's lead author, Dean G. Tang, Ph.D., associate profe...

First direct mechanical communication of mitochondria, cardiomyocyte nucleus shown

...ase mitochondrial size, also increased contractile force of cardiac fibers," or myofibrils. This effect isn't related to the mitochondrial energy production, they noted, and so a hypothesis was developed that "there might be in cardiac cells some form of mechanical signaling between organelles." Vladimir ...

Chocolate milk could be key to longer, healthier life

...ining increases the synthesis of proteins used for force i.e. it builds muscles. Dr Miller's research will tell us whether doing the same after aerobic exercise can also increase the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins which affect our ability to make energy and play a large role in our mortality. "We kno...

History of human cannibalism eats away at researchers

...that 'mad cow'-like diseases have not been a major force in human history, nor have been cannibalistic ritu...cannibalism has not been a major selective driving force on the prion protein gene, as has recently been proposed. Their work also has important scientific ...

Molecular force field helps cancer cells defend against attack

...umor cells are capable of switching on a molecular force field of their own to fend off treatments aimed at killing them. Now University of Florida researchers have found a chink in their armor. The cells churn out an enzyme that bonds with a protein, creating a protective barrier that deflects damage fro...

Chemical signaling helps regulate sensory map formation in the brain

...f a molecule known as Wnt3 counterbalances another force provided by the EphrinB1-EphB signaling system. T... the map from side to side. This counterbalancing force has two components, Zou's team discovered, with one receptor drawn toward certain concentrations of ...

Liquid crystals show promise in controlling embryonic stem cells

...pread and they appear to exert different levels of force on the matrix in which they are grown. That force can be read to a liquid crystal. Through simple changes of liquid crystal texture and color, our cel...

UCLA paper examines how one disease may prevent another

... Haldane proposed that malaria was an evolutionary force for selecting malaria-resistant genes. He suggested that those carrying the gene for sickle cell anemia were better able to survive in malaria-infected areas. Leprosy patients have severe immune defects and cutaneous anergy -- an inability to respon...

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