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Tag: "focused" at biology news

Key brain regulatory gene shows evolution in humans

... by the National Science Foundation and NASA. "We focused on the prodynorphin gene because it has been shown to play a central role in so many interesting processes in the brain," said Wray. "These include a person's sense of how well they feel about themselves, their memory and their perception of pain. An...

Fitting in: Newly evolved genes adopt a variety of strategies to remain in the gene pool

...lts contradict other recent publications that have focused on a single selective pressure as the basis for the retention of gene duplicates," explains Dr. Uwe Sauer, principal investigator on the project and Professor at the Institute of Molecular Systems Biology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ...

Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors

...d to eat. Food choice made no difference. Rats focused just as intently on standard rat chow as when munching chocolate chips, yogurt drops or butter cookies. Although earlier studies found that eating took precedence over pain in food-deprived animals, this is the first study to show that feeding suppr...

Cancer support cells may evolve, fuel tumor growth, study shows

...genetic changes or changes in gene expression have focused on the cancer cell, on events within the cancer ce...enter and the study's senior author.Thus, research focused solely on the predominant cancer cell, such as epithelial cells that form the bulk of many tumors in...

New methods offer insight into regulatory DNA

... to the differences in individuals." The project focused on three regions of the human genome. The first, called the ENCODE regions, and about 30 million base-pairs of DNA, are being intensively studied around the world as a group of 'typical' human genome regions. The second was 35million base-pairs of ch...

Seal rookeries could provide a reliable food source for endangered California condors, study finds

...kill them." For the PNAS study, the researchers focused on the dietary habits of condors, past and present, to determine if their food sources had changed over the centuries. "We wanted to find out what they fed on in historical times and what they feed on now," Chamberlain says, noting that an animal's...

New technique helps researchers determine amino-acid charge

...ices in the open state. In this case, researchers focused on the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a membrane protein that mediates voluntary muscle contraction. "Our paper has implications that are specific to this receptor, but many of the findings can be extended to several other membrane protein...

New research examines genetics of successful aging

...successful aging has been defined in many ways, we focused on individuals who had reached at least 90 without significant decline in mental capacity," said lead researcher George S. Zubenko, MD, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry and Biological Sciences at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. "Not only...

Scientists show how thinking can harm brain cells

...rvous system in a functional way." The scientists focused on dendrites, the crooked branches of neurons that carry impulses toward the body of the nerve cell, and synapses, the places where impulses pass from neuron to neuron. Injury to dendrites ?characterized by swelling or beading, loss of dendrite spine...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...over from spinal cord injuries, much attention has focused on getting the axons of cortical neurons to grow past the lesion site and innervate target neurons in distant parts of the spinal cord," he said. "Now, it may be that the spinal cord circuit is still intact -- and there is some evidence to believe th...

Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans

.... Most previous research on viral transmission has focused on bushmeat hunting and consumption, a practice in which local residents hunt wild monkeys for food. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS in humans, is believed to have originated as a primate virus and jumped the species barrier to humans when African bu...

The reason why antiviral therapy can't annihilate HIV infection, and what to do about it

...viduals receiving antiviral therapy. The authors focused on HIV-infected patients who had received effective antiviral therapy for extended periods of time and examined the nature of their residual virus as well as the underlying mechanisms of viral persistence. They demonstrate that HIV persists in both r...

Open Source Biotechnology alliance for international agriculture

...strategy that will galvanize agricultural research focused on poverty alleviation and hunger reduction. The ventureis catalyzed by a 2.55M USD grant to CAMBIA from The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway. The BiOS Initiative ?Biological Innovation for Open Society- is often called Open Source Biotechnolog...

Stress substantially slows human body's ability to heal

...sk of infections among patients. The researchers focused on a group of 42 married couples who had been together an average of at least 12 years. Each couple was admitted into the university's General Clinical Research Center for two, 24-hour-long visits. The visits were separated by a two-month interval. ...

Study finds that nutritionally enhanced rice reduces iron deficiency

... international, interdisciplinary research program focused on breeding crops for better nutrition and led by IFPRI and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), will continue to work with these research findings and partners to increase the level of nutrient density in rice to be even more ef...

MicroRNA may have fail-safe role in limb development

.... Until about five years ago, genetic researchers focused on DNA, which contains all the genetic instructions for the human body, and RNA, which translates DNA's message into proteins - the building blocks of cells, organs and all of the various systems of the body. Unnoticed next to the main ingredients, ...

Bird song changes sound alarm over habitat fragmentation

...ogy has found. Although much previous research has focused on bird song and vocal mimicry, this is the first study to analyse the role played by habitat loss and fragmentation on song-matching. Ecologists recorded and analysed the songs of more than 200 Dupont's larks, Chersophilus duponti, in Spain and Mor...

Pregnancy drugs can affect grandkids

...ogy has found. Although much previous research has focused on bird song and vocal mimicry, this is the first study to analyse the role played by habitat loss and fragmentation on song-matching. Ecologists recorded and analysed the songs of more than 200 Dupont's larks, Chersophilus duponti, in Spain and Mor...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...ular and Developmental Biology , these researchers focused on the expression and relationship between proteins of the yeast cell "proteome," or the proteins that are active in a cell. Protein kinases act as regulator switches and modify their target proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. This proces...

Whole-genome study at Johns Hopkins reveals a new gene associated with abnormal heart rhythm

...ighly suspect in heart beat rhythm, the team first focused on people who have extremely long or short QT intervals. The researchers used subjects from two population-based studies, about 1800 American adults of European ancestry from the Framingham Heart Study of Framingham, Mass., and about 6,700 German adu...

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