Tag: "fiber" at biology news

Needling Chromosomes Reveals Cell Division Secret

...onal Institutes of Health. Chromosomes are thetiny fiber structures in the cell that house its genes. They replicateand separate in the process of cell division. The exquisite management of adhesion properties between newly divided chromosomes, called chromatids, is crucial if the cells are to divide prop...

DNA Recombination and Repair—A New Twist to RecA Function

...inute. Hence, six RecA molecules dissociate from a fiber in the time—three seconds—it takes for an individu...nt. This stripe of ATP hydrolysis moves around the fiber in a repeating pattern of six steps. At the 5' end of the fiber, ATP hydrolysis leads to RecA releas...

DuPont's first biologically derived polymer receives global recognition

...rtswear are commercially available through Chinese fiber and fabric manufacturers. More than 1,000 products...will reduce the dependency of traditional chemical fiber products on oil resources. It will be another bold attempt in the innovative use of renewable resour...

New winter hulless barley has high protein

...igher in starch content and significantly lower in fiber than traditional hulled barley," he said. Virginia Tech released the first winter hulless barley cultivar, "Doyce," in 2003. The breeding program is developing both traditional soft red winter wheat cultivars and new cultivars with unique and high-v...

Marine sponge yields nanoscale secrets

...devices. In combination with oxygen, silicon forms fiber optics and drives other high-tech applications. Morse explained that his research group discovered that the center of the sponge's fine glass needles contains a filament of protein that controls the synthesis of the needles. By cloning and sequencin...

Remote control flies? Fly behavior controlled by laser light

...all set of nerve cells in the fly called the giant fiber system. The giant fiber system controls very specific, stereotypical movements such as escape movements, jumping, and the be...

Using nanoparticles, in vivo gene therapy activates brain stem cells

... types of cells in the brain. Using a new optical fiber in vivo imaging technique (CellviZio developed by Mauna Kea Technologies of Paris), the UB researchers were able to observe the brain cells expressing genes without having to sacrifice the animal. Then the UB researchers decided to go one step furthe...

New complete muscle grown in the lab

...lls transforming into aligned and elongated muscle fiber tubes and the endothelial cells organizing themselves in tubes nestled between the myoblasts. By adding fibroblast cells to the scaffold, the researchers were able to significantly boost the growth of the blood vessel network forming within the musc...

Microscopic brain imaging in the palm of your hand

...of the latest advances in micromotors, lensing and fiber optics (see accompanying article for more information), the researchers were able to establish a new technique that enables them to obtain microscopic images deeper in the living brain than was possible before microendoscopy. "We're bringing two-ph...

Bitter or sweet? The same taste bud can tell the difference

...that cells that don't have a connection to a nerve fiber must have some way of sending a signal to that fiber. But researchers weren't sure how that happened. "We knew that many taste bud cells that have receptors for bitter stimuli lacked this connection to the brain," Herness said. "But we couldn't see ...

Lance Armstrong through a physiological lens: hard training boosts muscle power 8%

...ced cancer." Muscular efficiency through possible fiber change: making it look easy Coyle concedes in the...higher cycling cadence serves to both bring muscle fiber contraction velocity closer to that of maximum power and reduce the muscle and pedaling force requir...

Chemical 'band-aid' prevents heart failure in mice with muscular dystrophy

...ed between the carbon fibers, a transmitter on one fiber measures the amount of stretch and a force transducer on the other fiber measures the contractile force of the cell in response to that stretch. "It's like stretching a rub...

A slight difference and significant similarities

...of glucose. Nutritionally, fructans are classed as fiber and have a beneficial effect on human intestinal flora. The main results of the study showed that substances in the Agria, Desiree, Granola, Linda and Solara varieties exhibit a surprising range of variation. The genetically modified lines from the ...

Unweaving amyloid fibers to solve prion puzzles

... the intermolecular contacts that hold the amyloid fiber together." Amyloid fibers are often composed of prions--proteins that misfold and recruit neighboring proteins to misfold as well, a process that Lindquist calls a "conformational cascade." When such a cascade occurs, the prions join and form amyloi...

NYU chemists use computer simulation to enhance understanding of DNA transcription

...d-like structures along DNA, fold into a condensed fiber as salt increases. This folding and the interplay between chromatin structures regulate fundamental gene expression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. The research team, which included NYU chemists Tamar Schli...

The making of a fat cell

...he extracellular matrix, a meshwork of protein and fiber supports outside of cells that can influence their behavior. "Fat cells require contact in order to stretch and change shape--becoming round cells able to accumulate lots of lipids," said Saltiel. "Many things happen in the generation of fat cells, ...

System Drastically Cuts Down Botulism Detection Time

...he extracellular matrix, a meshwork of protein and fiber supports outside of cells that can influence their behavior. "Fat cells require contact in order to stretch and change shape--becoming round cells able to accumulate lots of lipids," said Saltiel. "Many things happen in the generation of fat cells, ...

Short-term Bio Sensors Monitor From Afar

...he extracellular matrix, a meshwork of protein and fiber supports outside of cells that can influence their behavior. "Fat cells require contact in order to stretch and change shape--becoming round cells able to accumulate lots of lipids," said Saltiel. "Many things happen in the generation of fat cells, ...

Key To Stem Cell Transplant Success Is Tricking Immune System

...he extracellular matrix, a meshwork of protein and fiber supports outside of cells that can influence their behavior. "Fat cells require contact in order to stretch and change shape--becoming round cells able to accumulate lots of lipids," said Saltiel. "Many things happen in the generation of fat cells, ...

Virginia Tech football player uses prototype cast

... the engineers was a uniaxial polypropylene/carbon fiber composite sheeting made by the Fillauer Company of Chattanooga, Tenn. Since it was made from the same matrix as previously used bracing materials in medicine, the biomedical community was already familiar with the composite's characteristics. The c...

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