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Tag: "features" at biology news

Evolution reveals an independent route for diversity in animal form

...t directs the formation of different morphological features along the anterior-posterior axis--the axis along which the head, trunk, and tail are arranged. The work indicates that despite the importance of the Hox system in the development of most animals, the evolution of a typical Hox system is not in fact ...

Fire ants: Their true story told by the scientist who loves them

...ard University Press in mid-April, "The Fire Ants" features a cover photo of a magnified S. invicta that only a mother or myrmecologist could love, though Tschinkel hopes readers will eventually succumb to its charms. His opening chapter explains that the book was written in part for those "still open-minded ...

The higher the hierarchy, the greater the aggression

...ion in social behavior is one of the most striking features of cooperative animal societies. In a new study from the June issue of American Naturalist, Michael A. Cant (University of Cambridge), Justine B. Llop (University of Cambridge), and Jeremy Field (University College London) investigate the extent to w...

Scientists describe new African monkey genus ?first in 83 years

...her primates and found that the skull and external features of the specimen do not exhibit the diagnostic morphological features of baboons: namely, a long rostrum or deep depressions on the outside of the lower jaw. Also, depre...

Study shows frogs can play key role in stem cell research

...eins to maintain their embryonic stem cells. These features of dividing without limit and giving rise to many types of cell are thus ancient features of early embryonic cells, crucial for the correct development of both frogs and humans." ...

Mapping the protein world

...a lot easier and will do even more so once the new features planned under the NIH grant have been implemented." ARP/wARP transforms 'electron density maps', produced in experiments that bombard protein crystals with X-rays, into 3-dimensional structures. "X-ray experiments result in 'diffraction patterns' th...

Defense peptide found in primates may block some human HIV transmissions

...efensins and can be developed in laboratories, two features that suggest retrocyclins still could become an effective way to fight the virus. HIV-1 is the most common form of the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. The disease is often transmitted sexually, and the drugs produced from Cole's rese...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...address the question: What genes and other genomic features were responsible for the origin of multi-celled organisms? More than 1 billion years ago, two of the major multi-cellular groups of organisms (fungi and animals) shared a single-celled ancestor. This project targets ten of the earliest branches of a...

Deep-water discovery

...ailed enough to show the telltale mounds and other features of deepwater reefs simply do not exist for the bulk of the seafloor. With such little information available, Grasmueck compared typical seafloor exploration to arriving on the bottom of the Grand Canyon at night with a flashlight and then attempting...

Drug discovery team to explore newly discovered deep-sea reefs

...ailed enough to show the telltale mounds and other features of deepwater reefs simply do not exist for the bulk of the seafloor. With such little information available, Grasmueck compares typical seafloor exploration to arriving on the bottom of the Grand Canyon at night with a flashlight and then attempting...

DOE JGI finishes 100th microbial genome

...ave made it into the marketplace." The list below features highlights of some of the finished 100 and references the collaborating institutions and the roles of the organisms in their environment. Bioenergy Acidothermus cellulolyticus ATCC 43068. Alison Berry, University of California, Davis. Isolated fr...

Mouse mimics chronic leukemia, will aid drug development

...se strain shares many of the molecular and genetic features of human CLL, responds to drugs typically used to treat the disease and develops drug resistance that renders treatment ineffective, as often happens in CLL patients," says principal investigator John C. Byrd, professor of internal medicine. Byrd ...

Radiation-killed bacteria vaccine induces broad immune response in mice

...ariety of bacterial vaccines that combine the best features of both killed-agent and live, attenuated vaccines," says NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. Earlier research in Dr. Raz's laboratory had shown that irradiated probiotics (bacteria that are beneficial to health) retain the ability to trigger i...

Researchers add crucial information on how the body's T cells react to parasitic diseases

...ghly focused on a relatively small set of cellular features called "epitopes," which are part of a macromolecule that is recognized by the immune system. The specific epitopes involved are ones encoded by the trans-sialidase (or "ts") family of genes. "The function of the ts genes is crucial for the parasit...

Viral genetic differences are possible key to HIV dementia

...ther viruses. "These results suggest that specific features of viral components themselves, and not just the immune response to viral infection, may be responsible for direct damage to the nervous system." Pillai says that even though the study included almost 500 gene sequences, it is still exploratory: "W...

Studies suggest new brain protein may help in treating schizophrenia, insomnia and anxiety

...he signature behavioral symptoms and neurochemical features of schizophrenia, reported Naoe Okamura, M.D., Ph.D., who is a co-worker of Dr. Reinscheid at the University of California, Irvine. "Although preliminary, our animal studies indicate the NPS receptor should be explored as a target for the developm...

Everything in its place: Researchers identify brain cells used to categorize images

... known about how the brain processes simple visual features such as colors, angles, and motion-directions, less is known about how the brain learns and recognizes the meaning of stimuli. The process of grouping related visual images into categories allows the brain to organize stimuli according to their meani...

UF scientists discover evolutionary origin of fins, limbs

...side fins - considered by biologists to share many features with the ancestor of all vertebrates. "The emergence of paired appendages was a critical event in the evolution of vertebrates," Cohn said. "The fossil record provides clear evidence that the first fins evolved along the midline. The sequence of ev...

Purdue creates new low-cost system to detect bacteria

...atter pattern against a template that contains 120 features described by Zernike polynomials. "A good analogy is the method used by law enforcement to identify a person's face using specialized recognition software," Rajwa said. "You could describe the face as being made up of a combination of geometric sha...

Tiny shock absorbers help bacteria stick around inside the body

...ith the surface. Thus, the mechanical and adhesive features of the system evolved together to help the bacteria persist in tough environments inside a host animal or person. "Research on these fimbriae uncovers something that's essentially a mechanical nanotechnological device created by nature, and gives u...

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