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Tag: "features" at biology news

Linheng Li Lab documents the development of cancer stem cells

...xcited to be part of these efforts to reveal basic features of cancer stem cells," said Dr. He. "What we learned -- that cancer stem cells are a rare population in the tumor mass; that they are slow cycling but more active than normal stem cells; and that cancer stem cells and stromal insertions initiate the ...

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

...Instead the cells underwent cell cycle arrest with features of senescence." Jacks said that he and his colleagues found no evidence that restoring p53 affected normal cells. "That gives us a broader therapeutic window in which the cancer cells respond rapidly by one of these two mechanisms, whereas normal c...

Fruit fly gene research may shed light on human disease processes

...g in fruit flies may help shed light on these same features in humans." Besides potentially shedding light on human genetic maladies, Erickson and Avila say their work is just plain interesting. "After all," says Erickson, "fruit flies share the same life cycle as butterflies ?they're just not as pretty...

Cancer scientists create 'human' leukemia process to map how disease begins, progresses

...ukemic stem cells functioned could explain several features of the leukemia in children and adults that also contain the same leukemia gene, MLL-ENL." In 1994, Dr. Dick identified the first cancer stem cell in leukemia, following on the original discovery in 1962 of the blood stem cell by two other renowne...

Ring-around-the-cell

.... The cells, called osteoclasts, have some unique features not seen in any other cell type. Osteoclasts move ...e, and a light microscope method in which specific features glow. Because each method captures different information at a different scale, combining them was tr...

Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV

...ble in a vaccine, as they reflect the diversity of features in HIV-1 strains. These immunogens should elicit immune responses against high frequency viral strains as well as against most mutant forms of the virus. ...

Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control

...t yet know where all the important gene-regulation features are located on the DNA molecule, but now we know we should start looking for some of them on the edges of nucleosomes," Pugh said. "We might even discover some sites that regulate genes that we didn't even know existed." ...

Does a peptide affect the heart's response to social isolation?

...s (ochrogaster) are small rodents that demonstrate features of social interactions similar to humans and therefore provide a useful animal model for investigating how the social environment influences behavior and cardiac function. Earlier studies by this research team showed that when prairie voles were isol...

Chromosomal microarray analysis proves accurate

...the laboratory because they had physical or mental features that suggested one of these repetitions or deletions as a genetic cause. The array technique identified the chromosomal problem (too much or too little genetic material in a particular spot) in 8.5 percent of the total group of patients studied. This...

NYU scientists identify how development of different species uses same genes with distinct features

...ependently evolved species not only uncovers those features essential to this portion of development, but also shows that we are now in a position to understand another species—in this case, the wasp—other than flies in the same depth," explained Desplan....

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...e CNSs "may have contributed to the uniquely human features of brain development and function." The paper is entitled Accelerated evolution of conserved noncoding sequences in the human genome. Co-authoring the paper with Rubin were Shyam Prabhakar and James Noonan of Berkeley Lab, and Svante Pääbo of the...

With fruit fly sex, researchers find mind-body connection

...way to test gene function ?flies have the physical features of both sexes. As a result, these mutant females are not recognized by normal males and these mutant males are not recognized by normal females ?and none of the mutants can mate. So this makes it difficult for scientists to categorize their behavior ...

Nobel Laureate finds 'elegant' explanation for DNA transcribing enzyme's high fidelity

...RNA polymerases, the researchers explained. Common features include an unwound region of about 15 base pairs o...f the NTP, a process that serves to “recognize all features of the NTP in the addition site and detect its precise location,?the researchers reported. “The sp...

Uncovering DNA's 'sweet' secret

...ase pairing and its thermodynamic stability, other features of the molecule's architecture probably preclude it from being a viable genetic system For example, it cannot pair with other nucleic acids - unlike DNA and RNA which can and must pair with each other. Also the steep angle, or inclination, between ...

Cities change the songs of birds

...tion and also identify several additional acoustic features that have diverged between city and forest birds. The findings also offer strong support for a theory known as the acoustic-adaptation hypothesis, which states that some aspects of the vocal variety of animal communication sounds are shaped by the en...

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

...ave an elaborate defensive system of its own, with features that neutralize what we're trying to do to it," Os...iate. We found an immune system that is possessing features of both the innate immune system and the adaptive system." In their most recent study, UF and USF s...

How the brain weaves a memory

...ghts, sounds, smells, and tastes. Somehow the many features of an episodic memory are woven together into a co...h the data on the subjects' later retrieval of the features of these study words. They found that, indeed, regions of the brain involved in processing color and...

Gene signature assesses breast cancer outcomes

...s that the research, "Illustrate[s] many desirable features of gene expression profiling studies for optimizing treatment selection for individual patients." The 70-gene signature will be prospectively tested in a larger study called MINDACT, a trial coordinated by the European Organization for Research and ...

Robotic whiskers can sense three-dimensional environment

...id, could be used to extract the three-dimensional features of almost any solid object. Rat whiskers move actively in one dimension, rotating at their base in a plane roughly parallel to the ground. When the whiskers hit an object, they can be deflected backwards, upwards or downwards by contact with the o...

'GreeneChip' -- New diagnostic tool that rapidly and accurately identifies multiple pathogens

...athogen surveillance and detection." GreeneChip features include a comprehensive microbial sequence database that integrates previously distinct reserves of information about pathogens—for every entry of a pathogen and its properties, the GreeneChip contains a correlate of its genetic makeup. GreeneCh...

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