Human's ecological footprint in 2015 and Amazonia revealed
...ing research indicates land use in the Amazon goes far beyond clearing large areas of forest; selective logging and other canopy damage is much more pervasive than once believed. Deforestation causes collateral damage to the surrounding forests ?through enhanced drying of the forest floor, increased freq...New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza
...gnized by a type of immune cell known as a T cell; far fewer are recognized by B cells, a type of white blood cell that produces infection-fighting antibodies. Antibodies induced by seasonal and pandemic flu viruses or vaccines are a major component of immunity that protects against these viruses. St...'Guardian of the genome' protein found to underlie skin tanning
...eople who tan easily or have dark pigmentation are far less likely to develop the disease," says the stud... After six hours, levels of both POMC and p53 were far higher than normal, and the level of pigment-stimulating alpha-MSH was 30 times above normal. Fur...Type of stem cell found to reside in transplanted lungs
...ble to isolate the cells derived from the donor as far as 11,5 years after transplantation," says Lama, a...plantation. That study is not yet complete, but so far it indicates a very strong ability of these MSCs to suppress the immune cells that are involved in o...'Marathon mice' elucidate little-known muscle type
... of fast-twitch fibers. Oxidative metabolism is by far the most efficient way of generating energy, Spiegelman said. In the current study, the researchers produced mice with higher than normal levels of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1â in their skeletal muscles. Transcriptional coactivators work...Smithsonian scientists discover new marine species in eastern Pacific
...ists classify each organism. This adventure is far from over. The STRI team is ideally positioned to thoroughly sample the entire fauna, not just the corals and fishes. Since most studies of the Eastern Pacific date back 100 years, it is vital to obtain current data from the area. ...UTSA researchers examine effects of global warming on Antarctic
..."We now know what the sea ice really looks like as far as its thickness and concentration and now we can compare the data collected to what we see in satellite imagery," said Xie. During the journey, Xie and Cicek made visual observations of the sea ice for their own research and also transmitted me...A genetic 'gang of 4' drives spread of breast cancer
...ers found that turning off all four together had a far more dramatic effect on halting cancer growth and metastasis. Metastasis occurs when cells from a primary tumor break off and invade another organ. It is the deadliest transformation that a cancer can undergo, and therefore researchers have been look...Anti-wrinkle compound causes pathological reaction in skin cells
... the liver. Yet, the laws regulating their use are far less restrictive than those regulating drugs," concludes Dr. Marceau....Newborn brains grow vision and movement regions first
...surface of an area that has been little studied so far and in which much more research needs to be done. "This study gives us the first glimpse that there are regional differences in how quickly the brain is growing, and these regional differences are probably related to functional development," he sai...Research finds music training 'tunes' human auditory system
...them, we found our musically trained subjects were far better at tracking the three different tones than the non-musicians," says Wong, director of Northwestern’s Speech Research Laboratory and assistant professor of communication sciences and disorders. The research by co-authors Wong, Kraus, Erika ...Renegade RNA -- Clues to cancer and normal growth
... new microRNA behaved just like miR-29b, wandering far away from the cell's protein-making machinery and into the nucleus, where the cell's genetic material is kept. The researchers then stuck the same six-block end onto another type of small RNA, a small-interfering RNA or siRNA that turns off genes....Genetic pathways to curable and incurable forms of pancreatic cancer identified
... initiates a process that results in the rarer but far less deadly cystic pancreatic cancer. MCN lesions often are large enough to be detected early by MRI or CT scan and also to cause symptoms. The cells in this cancer also react differently to a key signaling protein, TGFb, which can induce cancer c...Research on grey mould offers possible breakthrough in tomato cultivation
...eties will mean tomato growers will have to devote far less resources ?or perhaps none at all ?to combating B. cinerea. An additional benefit of these new tomatoes is that they will be more suitable for closed glasshouse cultivation. This new type of glasshouse has a higher atmospheric humidity that a...Scientists clone mice from adult skin stem cells
...hold so much promise, stem cells' potential has so far gone largely untapped. But new research from Rockefeller University and Howard Hughes Medical Institute scientists now shows that adult stem cells taken from skin can be used to clone mice using a procedure called nuclear transfer. The findings are r...Tumor-suppressor gene is critical for placenta development
...ntal progenitor cells. These stem cells divided far too often. They gave rise to too many cells and formed a defective placenta, especially where the placenta interacts with the uterus. These embryos died about 15 days after fertilization, a time at which placenta function becomes critical for surv...University of Alberta researchers unravel intricate animal patterns
...bit outlandish for fish to form, the premise isn’t far off. But how does a school of fish or a flock of birds know how to move from one configuration to another and then reorganize as a unit, without knowing what the entire group is doing? New research by University of Alberta scientists shows that one m...Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era
...ations." Mammals have highly sensitive hearing, far better than the hearing capacity of all other vertebrates, scientists have found. Consequently, paleontologists and evolutionary biologists have been searching for more than a century for clues to the evolutionary origins of mammal ear structure. ...Researchers urge monitoring of bone health during chemotherapy
...ls in humans using G-CSF with chemotherapy have so far shown no adverse effects on survival and no increase in bone metastasis. In fact, breast-cancer patients undergoing dose-dense chemotherapy with G-CSF support tend to have a longer disease-free period than those getting standard dosing without G-CSF.......re the description by Ibañez et al. (2001) of a so far totally unrecognized, outstanding predator-prey relationship that triggered so much initial scepticism. As usual, a new major and amazing discovery generates a lot of sceptical reactions, which calls for gathering further, indisputable scientific evi...