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Tag: "family" at biology news

Man and mouse share genome structures

...oteins that package DNA, researchers have mapped a family of switches that turn genes on and off. Their findings may help scientists understand regulatory mechanisms underlying cancer and human development. The research team includes first author Bradley Bernstein, recipient of a Howard Hughes Medical Inst...

Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution

...d the coverage of classifications of bats from the family level to the genus level and probe in more detail into the bat evolutionary record. He also plans to compare the completeness of the bat fossil record with that of other mammals. ...

Scientists ID molecular 'switch' in liver that triggers harmful effects of saturated and trans fats

... the bloodstream. PGC-1beta belongs to a specific family of co-activators, proteins that interact with othe... have previously discovered the PGC-1 co-activator family and several of its biochemical activities. The Dana-Farber researchers made the discovery in search...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...teristic of more complex organisms. For example, a family of membrane receptors appears to be one of the mechanisms by which the parasite senses the presence of its human host and translates environmental cues into signaling events, which are processed by the parasite. Another unusual feature of the genome...

Newly-discovered class of genes determines ?and restricts ?stem cell fate

... stem-cell biology. "My idea is that this is a new family of genes--they can both determine the cell type, but also put the breaks on differentiation," says Epstein. "We have named them pangenes, after the Greek god Pan and Peter Pan, who were able to orchestrate complex events while never growing old." Ep...

Scientists Replicate Hepatitis C Virus in Laboratory

...small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus in the family Flaviviridae. HCV is a major cause of liver disease in the United States and the world. One in a series of hepatitis viruses, HCV accounts for about 15 percent of acute hepatitis cases, 60 to 70 percent of chronic hepatitis cases, and up to 50 percen...

Scientists detect probable genetic cause of some Parkinson's disease cases

...o 5 percentof Parkinson's disease in people with a family history of the disorderand may account for 1½ to 2 percent of cases in individuals who do nothave a family history of the disease. The researchers found a mutationin one copy of the gene can lead to the dise...

Bound for destruction: Ubiquitination protects against improper Notch signaling

...as drawn to Nedd4 (amember of the ubiquitin ligase family of molecules that directly bindto proteins marked for degradation), as it had previously been shownthat Nedd4 plays a role in the processing of other types oftransmembrane proteins. Proteins in the cell membrane must first beinternalized through a pr...

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

...ct,the Cth2 protein in yeast is quite similar to a family of threeproteins in humans. When the human proteins are substituted in place ofCth2 in yeast, they actually assume its function in yeast cells, saidThiele."Yeast cells illuminate for us what to look for in human cells," saidThiele. "Current diagnosti...

The secret lives of whales

...f their population. Piecing together their ancient family trees, he has discovered that the Antarctic population of minke whales is now the longest surviving whale population on earth. It was also once the largest—many times larger than other estimates. This information is critical to current discussions o...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...rm models of hundreds of other introns in the same family and provide possibilities for new treatments for a wide variety of diseases, she said. Other scientists now will use the information gleaned from this study in an attempt to develop new drugs, Golden said. Introns were unknown until the late 1970s,...

Scientists decipher genome of fungus that can cause life-threatening infections

...ikely involved incapsule biosynthesis, including a family containing 7 members of thecapsule associated (CAP64) gene.Researchers compared two closely related genomes of C. neoformans thatdiffer markedly in their virulence properties. The results indicatethat the differences likely involve other factors than...

Jumping gene helps explain immune system's abilities

...iondifferent proteins might have originated from a family of genes whoseonly apparent function is to jump ar... cousins, theHermes protein still has an important family trait, the researchersreport. Colleagues at the National Institutes of Health found that afew key bu...

UCSD Discovery Shows How Embryonic Stem Cells Perform 'Quality Control' Inspections

...iondifferent proteins might have originated from a family of genes whoseonly apparent function is to jump ar... cousins, theHermes protein still has an important family trait, the researchersreport. Colleagues at the National Institutes of Health found that afew key bu...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

...t they have identified a new primate-specific gene family that spans about 10% of human chromosome 2. Comprised of eight family members, the RGP gene cluster may help to explain what sets apart humans and other primates from the...

New therapy for HIV/AIDS eliminates needles and excessive toxicity

...iondifferent proteins might have originated from a family of genes whoseonly apparent function is to jump ar... cousins, theHermes protein still has an important family trait, the researchersreport. Colleagues at the National Institutes of Health found that afew key bu...

Gene sequencing explains bioremediation 'bug'

...iondifferent proteins might have originated from a family of genes whoseonly apparent function is to jump ar... cousins, theHermes protein still has an important family trait, the researchersreport. Colleagues at the National Institutes of Health found that afew key bu...

Circles Of DNA Might Help Predict Success Of Stem Cell Transplantation

...tific and medical communities around the world. No family ever pays for treatments not covered by insurance, and families without insurance are never asked to pay. St. Jude is financially supported by ALSAC, its fundraising organization. For more information, please visit http://www.stjude.org. ...

The Bacteria's guide to survival

...ority of these genes were known to be induced by a family of proteins called mitogen-activated protein kinases, or MAPKs. The researchers showed that blocking MAPKs reduced the activity of several of the genes that are usually enhanced by infection with the normal bacteria. Also, they found that cells infec...

TEL2 gene cooperates with MYC gene to provoke B-cell lymphomas

...hor of the MCB report. The TEL2 gene is part of a family of genes called ETS transcription factors. Transcr...h and multiplication, is another member of the ETS family and is a known target of mutations in human leukemia. Grosveld's group previously identified TEL2 an...

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