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Tag: "failure" at biology news

Scientists solve 30-year-old mystery of mutant mouse's kidney woes

Researchers seeking insights into kidney failure in human infants have located the source of a 30-y...ations that, if left untreated, can include kidney failure and death. Scientists suspect a variety of environmental and genetic factors contribute to fetal h...

USC team reveals structure of APOBEC family protein

...gies to deal with problems arising from either the failure of one of the APOBEC enzymes to function properly, as in HIGM-2, or from the potentially more serious problem of an enzyme working at inappropriate times and places, leading to genetic mutations that may cause cancer and other diseases," Chen said....

For super-obese patients, duodenal switch beats gastric bypass

...dies have demonstrated higher rates of weight-loss failure and weight regain following gastric bypass in these patients. But surgeons have been hesitant to adopt the duodenal switch for several reasons, he said: "greater technical complexity of the operation, particularly when performed laparoscopically; ...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

..., Netherlands. "This provides strong evidence that failure to repair DNA damage promotes aging?a finding that was not entirely unexpected since DNA damage was already known to cause cancer. However, it shows how important it is to repair damage that is constantly inflicted upon our genes, even through the si...

Enzyme shreds Alzheimer's protein

...fails with aging," wrote the researchers, and such failure may play a role in late-onset sporadic AD. Their test tube studies showed that CatB biochemically degrades Aß by snipping one end of the protein, called the C-terminal end. What's more, the enzyme also degrades the long strings of Aß that form amy...

Gene chip technology shows potential for identifying life-threatening blood infection

...that can quickly overwhelm the body, causing organ failure and death, often within days. With a narrow window of opportunity for halting its lethal spread, doctors who suspect sepsis typically rush to prescribe powerful antibiotics, even before laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis. But this practice i...

Highly concentrated botulinum preparation for cosmetic injections can result in severe illness

...otulism, left untreated, may result in respiratory failure and death, according to background information in the article. Two botulinum toxin preparations are licensed in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for clinical use, BOTOX (crystalline toxin type A); and Myobloc/Neurobloc (toxi...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

... antigens is not recognized as "self," this single failure can lead to a severe autoimmune disease in the ret...their retinas. The final finding demonstrated that failure of T cells in the thymus to recognize IRBP as a self-protein was sufficient to cause the autoimmune ...

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...endon-to-bone healing, suggesting this could cause failure of rotator cuff repair following surgery in human ...ther there may be increased vulnerability to early failure in smokers." This study, the first to evaluate the effects of nicotine on rotator cuff repair, fo...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

...ting condition that typically leads to right heart failure and eventual death. The new findings, made in an animal study led by researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and the University of Pittsburgh, are described in the September 2006 issue of The Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

... antigens is not recognized as "self," this single failure can lead to a severe autoimmune disease in the ret...their retinas. The final finding demonstrated that failure of T cells in the thymus to recognize IRBP as a self-protein was sufficient to cause the autoimmune ...

Cardiologist's 'living chip' changes science of disease monitoring

For patients living with heart failure and other health conditions, blood draws and diagnostic tests are commonplace in order to evaluate their condition. Often, though, chemical or physiologic changes silently cause damage that is not detected until much later. But what if in the futur...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...ndation for earlier diagnosis of post-trauma organ failure and making possible the design of drugs to reverse...ated with those genes have an actual role in organ failure via real-world biochemical tests. Results showed that the expression of nearly 5,700 genes related...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...forms of the virus. However, Longini emphasizes, failure to quickly isolate known smallpox cases and vaccinate their close contacts could thwart the containment of an epidemic. These findings emerge from a committee of smallpox experts ?including infectious-disease modelers, epidemiologists, statistician...

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...community, such as residential segregation, school failure for children and a lack of access to health care, including HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment services. Stabilizing black communities by expanding federal housing programs, such as Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA), is centra...

Research suggests beta agonists may alter the immune system

... stress ?may worsen diseases such as asthma, heart failure and lupus that involve inflammation. The scientific team led by Raymond Penn, Ph.D., and Matthew Loza, Ph.D, found that beta-agonists, such as those used in the treatment of asthma, increase the accumulation of type 2 T cells, a type of white blood ...

Hope for a more effective and less toxic cancer drug

...ched on when damaged cells need to be removed. The failure of the machinery to be turned on when it should can lead to cancer. ABT-737 is a 'switch flicker' that kicks the cell death machinery into action. Much more remains to be done to assess the drug's safety and effectiveness in patients, but early resul...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

... therapies could reduce the cost of treating heart failure by avoiding immune rejection and costly immunosuppressive regimens. The 3rd-ranked application: using engineered immune cells and novel vaccination strategies to improve immunity from infectious disease, would assist countless developing country vic...

Malaria treatment efficacy compromised in certain HIV-positive patients

...ded to have an increased risk of malaria treatment failure when compared to both HIV-negative patients and HIV-positive patients with higher CD4 cell counts. Therefore, "HIV-1 associated immune suppression, rather than infection with HIV-1 per se, is the main determinant of malaria treatment outcome," says ...

Researchers identify new weapon to fight deadly bacterial sepsis

...t the body, often leading to heart and other organ failure and death. Even the best hospital intensive care units may be helpless to save patients stricken by severe sepsis. According to a 2003 study by Emory University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, sepsis killed 120,491 hospitalized pe...

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