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Tag: "eyes" at biology news

UC Berkeley researchers create a biologically-inspired artificial compound eye

Using the eyes of insects such as dragonflies and houseflies as m...eated a series of artificial compound eyes. These eyes can eventually be used as cameras or sensory detectors to capture visual or chemical information fro...

Duck-billed dino crests not linked to sense of smell

...e sense of smell was located right in front of the eyes ?and coincidentally, that's where it is in birds, crocodiles, mammals and basically all four-legged animals." Evans studied fossils from a group of herbivorous dinosaurs called lambeosaurs, which are often referred to as crested duck-billed dinosaur...

Mechanism for memory revealed in neurons of electric fish

...ischarge, it's kind of like they are opening their eyes and closing them," says Zakon. "Each pulse of electricity is a snapshot of the environment. These guys are swimming around and discharging at a very regular frequency. They're digitizing their environment." But a problem occurs when the fish are clo...

'Nano-keys' bind cell receptors and trigger allergic reactions

...n allergic reactions that cause runny nose, watery eyes and other characteristic allergy symptoms) and they are the gatekeepers for the allergic immune response. This system can be manipulated experimentally. Specifically, Baird works with immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, which mount membrane proteins ...

Flu not the only germ threat this time of year

...rough the air you breathe, looking to land in your eyes or nose and set up house inside your body. And those are just the respiratory germs ?never mind Strep in the throat and ears, or Norwalk viral agents that attack the GI system, and so on. While the world's attention has migrated to bird flu, not a s...

Cuttlefish masters of disguise despite colorblindness

...gesting that these checkerboards appeared to their eyes as uniform backgrounds. However, their results showed that cuttlefish were able to detect contrast differences of at least 15%, which Mäthger and her colleagues suspect might be a critical factor in uncovering what determines camouflage patterning in...

Lizard 'third eye' sheds light on evolution of color vision

...und in human photoreceptors as well as the lateral eyes of the lizard - those on the sides of its head. But when the lizard's third eye sees green light, the green pigment triggers a different molecule called Go, known as "G-other," which also signals light responses in the light-sensing cells of the scal...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...his, the research team created tumors in fruit fly eyes and wings that permitted them to study the behavior of individual tumor cells. "We found that the tumor cells in direct contact with normal cells had a different behavior than cells further inside the tumor," says lead author Marcos Vidal, Ph.D., r...

Chemical signaling helps regulate sensory map formation in the brain

...thful connection," said Zou, "information from the eyes could not be properly deciphered by the brain." "Topographic maps are a very common wiring strategy in our brains," he said. Similar systems are thought to regulate other sensory systems -- such as hearing and touch, as well as motor systems -- but...

A case of mistaken molecular identity

...ion," he said. "But there are no such scars in the eyes of Chagas patients with reduced vision." "No one knew about the night blindness, so we don't know, for instance, if Chagas patients have more accidents at night," Levin added. "That's one of many ideas to explore now. The research also points out ...

Trial success for diabetic nerve therapy

... organs, including the heart, kidneys, sex organs, eyes and digestive tract. "Diabetic neuropathy is a major problem in insulin-dependent diabetes, particularly in patients who have had the disease for a period of time," said Professor Tomlinson, who is based in the University's Faculty of Life Sciences....

First surveys of Tanzanian mountains reveal 160+ animal species, including new & endemic

...os are small, nocturnal primates with large, round eyes commonly known as bushbabies. Some people believe "bush baby" refers to the animal's cries which can sound similar to the cries of human babies. In one small valley, Nike Doggart of the Tanzania Forest Conservation Group discovered a new species of ...

Mechanism identified for promising neurological drug

...e a reasonable tradeoff. But you want to have your eyes open." Another implication has to do with gender differences: PARP-1 stimulates an inflammatory response much more strongly in males than in females, "across all species that have been looked at," says Swanson. "It's unclear why that's true. But aga...

MIT 'seeing machine' offers hope to blind

...tute at Harvard, where technicians peered into her eyes with a diagnostic device known as a scanning laser opthalmoscope, or SLO. With the machine they projected a simple image directly onto the retina of one eye, past the hemorrhages within the eye that contributed to her blindness. The idea was to deter...

Seeing the serpent

...ed together as early primates used their hands and eyes to grab insects and other small prey, or to handle and examine fruit and other foods. Isbell suggests instead that primates developed good close-up eyesight to avoid a dangerous predator -- the snake. "A snake is the only predator you really need...

Think fast! Rice undergrad unlocks nerve speed secret

...ne, telling your brain what you're seeing and your eyes where to move. Thanks to two new studies ?including one spearheaded by an undergraduate biochemistry student at Rice University and published online today by Nature Structural and Molecular Biology ?scientists have defined the function of a key prote...

Flick of whiskers helps tease out brain's 'shadow' signaling system

...h the same way that people rely on their hands and eyes to learn about their environment. A large part of a mouse's brain is devoted to processing the information their whiskers send its way ?a change in air current might indicate a nearby predator, for instance, or a certain texture might indicate a yumm...

Loosen up, DNA: Leukemia gene changes genetic packaging

...a given stretch of DNA was on or not. If the fly's eyes were red, the gene was turned on; if the fly's eyes were white, the gene was turned off. In flies with normal amounts of JAK/STAT, the eye color was p...

Immune system police learn early and sometimes badly

...tigen receptors, regulatory T cells can keep their eyes on a lot of different non-regulatory cells. "The next question we will ask, which is a hot topic right now, is what antigens trigger receptors on regulatory T cells?" says Dr. Pacholczyk. "What do they recognize? We know now they are coming from t...

Green tea and the 'Asian Paradox'

...y, liver and pancreatic function, protect skin and eyes and alleviate arthritis. Tea has been used in managing and preventing allergies, diabetes, bacterial and viral infections, cavities, reduce or cure diseases with an inflammatory component and improve neurologic and psychological health. "More studie...

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