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Tag: "extreme" at biology news

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

...the new study. "These microbes have to undergo an extreme makeover to survive in a host," says Klein, an authority on fungal diseases. "The million dollar question is was what controls this change? " Klein and colleagues Julie C. Nemecek and Marcel Wuthrich identified a molecular sensor that is conserved i...

Pitt professor's theory of evolution gets boost from cell research

...l because of radical environmental stressors--like extreme heat, cold, or crowding--years earlier. Determini...tations, of whatever kind, to gain a foothold. But extreme stress pushes cells beyond their capacity to produce protective proteins, and then mutation can occu...

Satellites show Amazon parks, indigenous reserves stop forest clearing

...bited and uninhabited reserves in slowing the most extreme form of forest disturbance: conversion to agriculture. In a paper recently published in Conservation Biology (2006, Vol 20, pages 65-73), an international team of scientists, led by Daniel Nepstad of the Woods Hole Research Center and the Instituto...

Researchers reverse juvenile diabetes in animal model

..., constant hunger, weight loss, blurred vision and extreme fatigue. People with type 1 diabetes require numerous daily injections of insulin to survive. About Dr. Trucco Massimo Trucco, MD, has dedicated his life's work to finding a cure for diabetes -- finding a cure is a personal quest for him. As an ...

Climate change: The rice genome to the rescue

...stand the impact of climate change ?especially the extreme weather it may cause ?on international efforts to ...Another more insidious effect may be more frequent extreme weather events such as typhoons, floods and droughts," Dr. Zeigler warned. "IRRI's research has show...

Chemical warfare agent detection technology used to treat lung disease

...olecules associated with different conditions with extreme sensitivity. It can also be configured to block out molecules produced by common ailments such as sore throats or chesty coughs which may interfere with the accuracy of data. "What is unique about this sensor, and the use of the microDMx technology...

Environmental metagenomics diagnosing extreme environments, tapping opportunities for clean energy

... a metabolic profile of any environment, even such extreme conditions as acid mine drainage," says Edward M. Rubin, DOE JGI Director. "We can then survey this vast catalog of biodiversity and harness the microbial pathways that catalyze the conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks, such as wood chips, crop ...

Experimental TB drug effective against resistant and latent mycobacterium tuberculosis

...esistant infection in the population. In the most extreme cases, part of the lung may be surgically removed. It is estimated the cost of treating a single case of MDR-TB can be as much as $250,000. What makes this drug candidate even more promising, says Parrish, is that it may be the first compound ever...

The Amazon in 2050: Implementing the law could save a million square kilometers of rainforest

...d the geographic ranges of 382 mammal species, two extreme scenarios were developed, encompassing the likely range of future trajectories of deforestation through 2050. The first of the two futures discussed is a business-as-usual scenario in which the forces of destruction continue unopposed. Specifically, ...

Lactic acid not athlete's poison, but an energy source - if you know how to use it

In the lore of marathoners and extreme athletes, lactic acid is poison, a waste product that builds up in the muscles and leads to muscle fatigue, reduced performance and pain. Some 30 years of research at the University of California, Berkeley, however, tells a different story: Lactic a...

Sun protection for plants

...s exaggerated when there is a shortage of water or extreme temperatures. The resulting damage to the delicate photosynthetic membranes in the plant leads to impaired growth, cell destruction and, eventually, plant death. The scientists, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB...

How the octopus forms an elbow

... Fiorito of the Stazione Zoologica di Napoli. The extreme motility of the octopus arm demands a highly complex motor control system. Past work from Dr. Hochner's group showed that when retrieving food to its mouth, the octopus actually shapes its arm into a quasi-articulated structure by forming three bends...

Sex: It's costly but worth it. Just ask a microbe

...l changes, inhospitable conditions, lack of water, extreme temperatures and fewer nutrients," says Xu. There may be other benefits, too. "Every time DNA replicates and the microbes reproduce, mutations are introduced. While some mutations may be beneficial, most have no effect or are deleterious," says Xu....

Some like it hot: Worms at deep-sea vents favor a fiery 45-55°C

...animal studied to date. This unique preference for extreme temperatures may be the undersea worms' meal ticke...imals found in hot habitats, which merely tolerate extreme temperatures, these worms actually prefer temperatures around 50 degrees Celsius." Girguis likens t...

BioMed Central launches Biology Direct

...possible but not to obstruct publication except in extreme cases. In an editorial to launch the journal, the Editors explain, "our goals with this new journal, Biology Direct, are unapologetically ambitious: to establish a new, perhaps, better system of peer review and, in the process, bolster productive sc...

All placebos not created alike

...acterial infection," said Kaptchuk, "but the other extreme may also be true. In some cases, the ritual may be the critical component." The enhanced placebo effect illustrated in this study applied only to subjective reports from patients about their perception of pain and the severity of their condition. Mo...

Possible brain hormone may unlock mystery of hibernation

...urvive on limited energy reserves and withstanding extreme cardiovascular and oxygen stresses--the candidate ...n in hibernators, Ohtsu noted. "Hibernation is an extreme response to a seasonal environment, yet we knew almost nothing about how it is timed, nor how vital ...

Obese people are more sensitive to pain, suggests study

...f the knee, a disease that causes inflammation and extreme pain in the knees. Participants were given a mild electrical stimulation on their left ankle to measure their pain reflex. The stimulus was given before and after the participants took part in a 45-minute coping skills training session that included...

Bacteria beat the heat

...derate temperatures and being adapted to living in extreme heat. The results of their research, which recentl...tions, enhance crop production in areas subject to extreme temperature changes or create new resources for biofuel production that will not only provide more b...

Ancient global warming drove early primates' dispersal

... thermal maximum (PETM), one of the most rapid and extreme global warming events recorded in geologic history. It was during the PETM that modern primates first appeared 55 million years ago. Teilhardina in Asia precedes the maximum flood of carbon-12, Teilhardina in Europe coincides with it, and Teilhardina...

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