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Tag: "extreme" at biology news

Freeze-dried mats of microbes awaken in Antarctic streambed

...ctic and Alpine Research. Such research on life in extreme environments is of high interest to astrobiologists, who consider Antarctica's McMurdo Dry Valleys an analogue for Mars because of its inhospitable climate and intermittent water flow. "This was something we did not anticipate," said McKnight, whose...

Lactose intolerance linked to ancestral environment

...find suitable forage for their cattle and to avoid extreme temperatures. "Also, the fact that these groups maintained small herds and kept them moving probably reduced the pathogen transmission rate." According to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, some 30 million to 50 million Ameri...

NC State researchers redesign life for Mars and beyond

... stresses inherent with travel and life in space - extreme temperatures,drought, radiation and gravity, for e...earliest life forms, a microbe that can survive in extreme temperatures. It grows and dwells in underwater sea volcanoes where temperatures reach more than 100...

New factor implicated in allergy and asthma attacks

...s, producing uncontrollable sneezing, coughing, or extreme shortness of breath -- symptoms agonizingly familiar to those who suffer from allergy and asthma attacks. Scientists have long assumed that they know how pollen produces such debilitating responses. They blame an overreaction by the body's immune sy...

A bug's life: Exceptional genomic stability yet rapid protein evolution in a carpenter ant mutualist

...oration, with the loss of many gene functions, and extreme genome stability," says Wernegreen. "This genomic stability may prevent the reacquisition of those lost functions or the evolution of new ones. In addition, rapid protein evolution seems to degrade the genes that remain." In the future, major areas ...

Biotech cotton 8: Bugs 0

...n boll, destroying the crop. Dennehy said, "In an extreme infestation, you can have every single boll in the field infected." The caterpillars eat the seeds and damage the developing cotton fibers. In contrast, when the caterpillars eat Bt cotton, they die. Before the use of Bt cotton became widespread, p...

Life in deadly conditions

...for scientists because they are able to live under extreme environmental conditions, for instance under high ...nts, how to explain the amazing abilities of these extreme organisms. Friedhelm Pfeiffer, the research group's bioinformatics expert, created a database for h...

Seafloor creatures destroyed by ice action during ice ages

...y it is an impressive feat against the odds as the extreme cold means that these animals respond much more slowly to the destruction of their habitat than elsewhere in the oceans. They have lower metabolic rates that lower their growth and reproductive rates. Elsewhere in the oceans, a brisingid starfish wou...

Gene therapy may protect normal tissues during radiation retreatment for lung cancer

...y it is an impressive feat against the odds as the extreme cold means that these animals respond much more slowly to the destruction of their habitat than elsewhere in the oceans. They have lower metabolic rates that lower their growth and reproductive rates. Elsewhere in the oceans, a brisingid starfish wou...

Center releases new public survey on stem cells

... percent at each pole) of the public occupying the extreme positions that so frequently characterize the publ...on that they will support the corresponding policy extreme does not hold true. ...

New possibilities for flu antiviral and vaccine research emerge from 'Spanish flu' virus

...es that was responsible for the Spanish flu virus' extreme virulence. One gene associated with high virulence was the HA gene, which encodes the hemagglutinin surface protein that helps the virus attach to cells and replicate properly. This gene seemed to be responsible for much of the severe lung damage r...

New technique multiplies life span in simple organisms

...ls, SIRT1, may block the organism from entering an extreme survival mode characterized by the absence of reproduction, improved DNA repair and increased protection against cell damage. Organisms usually enter this mode in response to starvation. The long-lived organisms in Longo's experiment showed extraord...

Underlying cause of massive pinyon pine die-off revealed

...rought was drier. The high heat combined with the extreme dryness put the trees under so much water stress that the attacks from bark beetles finished them off. Under such conditions, the trees cannot make enough pine sap to defend themselves against the insects. "These trees are slow-growing trees, so we ...

Grid bridges 4,800 miles for molecular repositories

..., ranging in size from gigabytes to terabytes. The extreme file sizes mean simulation data generally resides in the home laboratory where the research was conducted and, for practical purposes, remains inaccessible to other research groups. Yet sharing simulation data for comparative analysis is a major goa...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...upled repair is the cause of Cockayne Syndrome, an extreme form of accelerated aging that is inevitably fatal...ditary diseases with a common feature: both entail extreme sensitivity to sunlight. However, in XP there is loss of ability to repair damage to DNA caused by u...

Research: Snails were overlooked contributors to marsh destruction

...vents ?and because drought stress is becoming more extreme with global warming, events like this could become both more frequent and intense," said Brian Silliman, the paper's lead author and an assistant professor in zoology at the University of Florida. Salt marshes are key to healthy shorelines and ocea...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...dentity might also be involved in establishing the extreme diversity of motor pools." Using antibodies to the Hox proteins that define spinal motor neurons, Dasen and colleagues mapped the timing and location of each of the Hox proteins expressed by motor neurons that project to the wing in chick embryos. "...

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

...lture. "S. ruber illustrates that even in a really extreme environment, bacteria can do what it takes to survive, including exchanging genes with other microbial species that we might not expect." Normally, high-salt environments denature bacterial proteins. To survive, S. ruber must maintain a high concent...

Predators keep the world green, ecologists find

...llapse." A drought that began in 2001 and reached extreme levels in 2003 has now ended the study, Terborgh reported. "By 2003, the lake level had dropped 26 meters," he said. "By then, I think only three of the islands were left surrounded by water. That ended the experiment because it allowed the animals ...

Ancient DNA helps UF researchers unearth potential hemophilia therapy

... hemophiliac mice don't develop some of these more extreme symptoms of the disease, gene therapy prevented profuse bleeding in the animals, the findings show. More than 18,000 Americans, nearly all men, have hemophilia A, the most common form of the disease, according to the Centers for Disease Control and ...

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