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Tag: "exposure" at biology news

Study reveals genomics of inflammation from severe injury

...g the changes in gene activity caused by endotoxin exposure with those caused by trauma, the researchers hope to identify the molecular markers that spell sepsis. The research team zeroed in on white blood cells, which help fight infection and disease and trigger inflammation. The scientists analyzed the ac...

Study Unlocks Insects?Secret for Love in the Dark

...g the changes in gene activity caused by endotoxin exposure with those caused by trauma, the researchers hope to identify the molecular markers that spell sepsis. The research team zeroed in on white blood cells, which help fight infection and disease and trigger inflammation. The scientists analyzed the ac...

Katrina floodwaters not as toxic to humans as previously thought, study says

...ria and viruses were the biggest human threat, not exposure to chemicals, Pardue and his associates say. The researchers obtained 38 floodwater samples from widespread sections of New Orleans, primarily in the area of the city known as the "East Bank," where the main human contact with the floodwaters occurr...

Model identifies genes that induce normal skin cells to become abnormal

...n skin cell gene expression is directly related to exposure to the metastatic microenvironment," the authors said. Hendrix's co-researchers on the study were Elizabeth A. Seftor; Kevin M. Brown; Lynda Chin; Dawn A. Kirshmann; William W. Wheaton; Alexei Protopopov; Bin Feng; Yoganand Balagurunathan; Jeffrey M...

The dangerous legacy of lead

...ay immune responses ?may also be disrupted by lead exposure in mice. The next step is to understand how this ...imit set by the Centers for Disease Control. Toxic exposure usually occurs in older housing, where children come in contact with lead paint and dust and, as a r...

Researchers show how air pollution can cause heart disease

...of the most compelling evidence yet that long-term exposure to air pollution--even at levels within federal st...d PM2.5 since 1997, limiting each person's average exposure per year to no more than 15 micrograms per cubic meter. These tiny particles of dust, soot, and smok...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...al pulse within the living brain that occurs after exposure to a previously unknown stimulus." "Future invest...term memory, but one that developed after a single exposure to a previously unknown stimulus, so that there is no context," said Galán. "All previous studies in...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...ese findings offer a molecular explanation for how exposure to plant resistance mechanisms can directly drive the evolution of new virulent forms of a bacterial pathogen. ...

Penicillin, amoxicillin: Step aside for strep throat treatment

...ny types of bacteria vying for dominance. Repeated exposure to penicillin and amoxicillin shifts the center of microbial power, resulting in a throat full of bacteria that actually shield strep germs from the older drugs. At least four types of bacteria that Pichichero called "co-pathogens" become more domina...

Sangamo BioSciences demonstrates its ZFP treatment protects cells from HIV infection

...on the surface of each T-cell. In contrast, brief exposure of T-cells to Sangamo's ZFNs has been shown to result in permanent modification of the CCR5 gene and consequent alteration of the CCR5 protein. "We believe that the data presented at ICAAC provide another important validation of our novel approach t...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...annot be repaired preferentially. In XP patients, exposure to sunlight typically causes hyper-pigmented skin that is dry and parchment-like, and is followed by multiple skin cancers. If carefully shielded from ultraviolet light, for example by window filters and protective clothing, many XP sufferers can lea...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...tory-deficient male mice were no more activated by exposure to female urine -- which normally elicits sexual behavior -- than exposure to water.Future studies will aim at further characterizing the network of connections from the olfac...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...went on to show that it did not take a lifetime of exposure to a toxic food source for the worms to learn to avoid it. In fact, just four hours in the presence of P. aeruginosa was enough for the worms to choose E. coli instead. From these experiments, it was clear that the worms modified their olfactor...

Johns Hopkins flu expert calls for mandatory vaccination of health care workers

...d as a means of protecting patients from influenza exposure and the related mortality seen among vulnerable populations. Vaccination should be presented as such to both health care workers and every hospital's leadership." Perl notes that even without mandatory vaccination policies, other potential barriers ...

Seal rookeries could provide a reliable food source for endangered California condors, study finds

...eally exciting, because it means a much lower lead exposure for the condors." He says that plans are under way to build a new holding pen along the coast south of Big Sur where seals frequently haul out. "Free-flying condors are just not finding these areas yet so we need to encourage them to do so," he adds...

In SAD patients, autumn antidepressants can prevent winter depression

...e cause is unknown, SAD appears related to reduced exposure to sunlight during the fall and winter in northern latitudes-genetic factors likely play a role as well. As in the current study, many patients with SAD are not treated with antidepressant medications, despite having many previous episodes of season...

Scientists show how thinking can harm brain cells

...mic heart disease and strokes. Pretreatment before exposure to PAF prevented dendritic beading and preserved synaptic functions, the studies showed. "Stressing the cells with small amounts could trigger protective genes and induce adaptations that will make the dendrites more able to withstand insults," Bell...

Wild birds help to create human flu vaccine

...ated species are kept in close proximity, and risk exposure to a wide range of pathogens. The White House's recently released "National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza" acknowledges the need to "expand and enhance mechanisms for screening and monitoring animals that may harbor viruses with pandemic potentia...

Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans

..., scratch, or other interaction that could lead to exposure to monkey body fluids. "The risk of viral transmission in this context is unclear," said Dr. Michael Schillaci, professor of social sciences at the University of Toronto at Scarborough and lead author on the study. "But the contact here can be very...

Argonne researchers confirm lead in Beethoven's illness

...he presence of lead in the skull suggests that his exposure to lead was not a recent event, but may have been present for many years." The half life of lead in the human body is about 22 years, with 95 percent of "old" lead residing in the skeletal structure. Beethoven experienced a change of personality and ...

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