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Tag: "exposure" at biology news

Rats infected as newborns grew up vulnerable to memory problems during an immune challenge

...enged adults may help scientists to understand how exposure to germs or environmental stressors before or just after birth may foster susceptibility to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. For example, prenatal viral infection has been implicated in schizophrenia, autism and cerebral palsy; bacter...

Use of Insecticides Linked to Lasting Neurological Problems for Farmers

...ed questionnaires completed by farmers on lifetime exposure to herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and fumig...that nearly 3,000 participants had a high lifetime exposure to insecticides ?that is, they used insecticides more than 500 days in their lifetime. Nearly 800 of...

How the environment could be damaging men's reproductive health

...y Swedish researchers[1] is the first to show that exposure to persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) can... we compared the 20% of fishermen with the highest exposure with the 20% with the lowest exposure, DDE was associated with an increase of 1.6% in sperm with Y c...

Norovirus, AIDS vaccine and Hepatitis Virus

...ments in a 24-hour period, frequently results from exposure to bacterial or viral pathogens. Noroviruses (NoV's) are considered to be one of the leading causes of nonbacterial gastro-related illnesses resulting in over 23 million cases annually. In the study stool samples were collected from 34 patients with...

NASA links nanobacteria to kidney stones and other diseases

...issions to the moon and Mars, longer missions, and exposure to the elements of outer space, health is a major concern for astronauts. To further comprehend the implications of NB, trials were conducted at NASA to examine NB, in a bioreactor chamber which simulates conditions of space travel. In this microgra...

PET/MRI scans may help unravel mechanisms of prenatal drug damage

...chanisms underlying the harmful effects of cocaine exposure during pregnancy. The research was funded by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the Department of Energy's Office of Science and the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The monkeys were obtained from the Primate Laboratory, dep...

Stopping smallpox in its tracks: A new anti-viral approach

Natural or deliberate exposure to smallpox poses a great health threat, especially since routine smallpox vaccinations have been discontinued and no clinically approved treatment currently exists. In the February 1 issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Ellis Reinherz and...

Glow-in-the-dark zebrafish at UH hold keys to biological clocks

... input for the clock to start. In this case it was exposure to light/dark cycles after the fourth day of development, about the age when the fish start to swim and feed." The researchers used zebrafish (danio rerio) because they yield such a high output of spawn, with hundreds of eggs being laid by each fema...

Buying Time Through Hibernation on Demand

...ic suspension through oxygen deprivation caused by exposure to gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. Known as oxygen mimetics, these chemicals are very similar to oxygen at the molecular level and so bind to many of the same receptor sites. As a result, they compete for and interfere with the bo...

U-M team recovers ancient whale in Egyptian desert

...ic suspension through oxygen deprivation caused by exposure to gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. Known as oxygen mimetics, these chemicals are very similar to oxygen at the molecular level and so bind to many of the same receptor sites. As a result, they compete for and interfere with the bo...

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

New research shows that exposure to harmful chemicals and drugs during critical dev...ition to uterine tumors also receive an early-life exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES), a synthetic form of estrogen linked to vaginal cancer, the incidence of...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

...other plants fight off with ease. In most plants, exposure to powdery mildew and other pathogens triggers the...in both types of plants when grown with or without exposure to the metal nickel. They found significantly higher levels of salicylic acid in the hyperaccumulat...

Used in a new way, RNA interference permanently silences key breast cancer gene

...into the genome of the cancer cell. After a single exposure of this delivery system, they found 75 percent of laboratory breast cancer cells stopped expressing the STAT3 protein. The researchers also discovered that expression of a protein called TWIST that is known to be involved in cancer metastasis was dra...

Duke engineers develop new 3-D cardiac imaging probe

...ver, the use of X-ray imaging results in radiation exposure for patients and requires bulky lead-shielding garments for clinicians. In addition, such procedures take up to seven hours to complete. Biomedical engineering professor Stephen Smith, who specializes in ultrasound imaging, said a move to three-dime...

Scientists journey to southern Africa to unravel the secret world of elephant communication

... hearing loss could have their hearing improved by exposure to vibrational stimulation shortly after birth. A companion article appears in the May issue of National Wildlife magazine. RELEVANT WEB URLS: http://www.elephantvoices.org http://cetus.pmel.noaa.gov/AB http://birds.cornell.edu/brp/ResElephant.html...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

...icular sites under certain types of stress or upon exposure to particular drugs, he said. Evidence has suggested that chromosomes break when DNA replication ?the process by which DNA copies itself before cell division ?slows or stalls. However, the DNA characteristics that make particular sites vulnerable to ...

Roots Engage in Underground Chemical Warfare

... plant's defenses. The bacterium not only survives exposure to the antimicrobial substances, it also blocks the plant's ability to produce them. Both Vivanco and Ausubel are supported by separate awards from the division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences at the National Science Foundation (NSF). Vivanco...

What's really making you sick? Plant pathologists offer the science behind Sick Building Syndrome

... asthma to more complex medical problems involving exposure to toxins. Mold is a common cause of SBS, said Mani Skaria, Ph.D, plant pathology professor and interim chair of the Department of Agronomy and Resource Sciences, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX. "Mold has been known to humans since ancient...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...and BBP in young rats were designed to see whether exposure to these hormonally active biological compounds co...erent ages," said Moral. "Our results showed that exposure to BPA changes the gene expression profile of mammary tissues as a function of age. That is, there w...

Secret of smallpox's success may lead to bioterror cure

...pox, to immunize against smallpox. In most people, exposure to vaccinia generally only causes a mild infection in humans before the immune system responds and eliminates the virus, also leaving immunity to smallpox and other pox viruses in its wake. "And there has been anecdotal evidence that if you get expo...

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