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Tag: "exposed" at biology news

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...pressing cells which had bound nanoshells and were exposed to the near infrared laser, died. Cells that were not exposed to laser light also survived, suggesting that the antibody-nanoshell treatment effectively destroyed...

Plants have a double line of defence

...resistance of plants to fungal parasitesPlants are exposed to many different pathogens in the environment. Only a few of these pathogens, however, are able to attack a species of plant and "make it sick". If a particular pathogen is unable to attack a plant, that means that the plant is resistant to it ?in o...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

...ese brain abnormalities to behavior, the team then exposed normal and stathmin-deficient mice to a neutral tone while delivering a mild electric shock. While both groups displayed some fear response by freezing immediately after a shock and later after hearing the tone, knockout mice reacted less strongly, t...

Katrina floodwaters not as toxic to humans as previously thought, study says

...na floodwaters, is good news for those who've been exposed directly to the floodwaters, the scientists say. But the LSU researchers caution that the same floodwaters that were pumped back into Lake Pontchartrain contain high levels of some toxic metals, especially copper and zinc, and could pose a long-term...

Stem cell microenvironment reverses malignant melanoma

.... After this period, the metastatic melanoma cells exposed to the hECS microenvironment were reprogrammed to ...ss invasive than the tumor cells that had not been exposed to the embryonic matrices. "These findings offer a new approach to investigating the possible effec...

Past experience of pheromones induces dominant courtship behavior in fruit flies

...dominance behavior over young males if he has been exposed to the smell of normal adult males during a critical period in his life--the first 24 hours. In fact, an encounter with a single adult male was sufficient to make males exhibit dominance behavior when they reached adulthood. The researchers found tha...

Model identifies genes that induce normal skin cells to become abnormal

... skin cells grown on an untreated matrix and those exposed to a matrix preconditioned by human metastatic melanoma cells, further supporting the hypothesis that "epigenetic" induction of changes in skin cell gene expression is directly related to exposure to the metastatic microenvironment," the authors said...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

...enerated, adult-born neurons. These mice were then exposed either to a panel of unusual odors or to a normal ...ound that the adult-born olfactory neurons of mice exposed to the panel of odors subsequently responded more strongly to those odors than did adult-born neuron...

Older female fish prefer imperfect male mates, study finds

...ior. To conduct the study, Morris and colleagues exposed females of both species to video animations of male fish, one with an equal number of bar markings on each side of the body, and one with an unequal number of bars on each side. The animations simultaneously were projected on opposite sides of a tank...

Bugs expose underground carbon traffic system 10 times more important than fossil fuel burning

... cores. After another four weeks the grassland was exposed to a particular form of carbon dioxide (a stable i...ores was then analysed. The soil cores which were exposed to the mites were found to have 32% less 13C than the control cores. This showed that Collembola's c...

Researchers show how air pollution can cause heart disease

...y in the body--the aorta--mice on normal diets and exposed to PM2.5 had arteries 19.2 percent filled with pla...ercent obstructed. Among high-fat diet mice, those exposed to PM2.5 had arteries that were 41.5 percent obstructed by plaque, whereas the arteries of the pollu...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...eural activity after a living animal is repeatedly exposed to a stimulus. These investigations haven't retrie...ments in the 1970s and 1980s showed that honeybees exposed to an odor and rewarded with sugar could develop a memory of that odor and temporarily store it as "...

Cells from amniotic fluid used to tissue-engineer a new trachea

...imensions and shape. The tubes and cells were then exposed to growth factors that caused the mesenchymal cells to differentiate into cartilage cells. When the engineered grafts were ready, they were used to reconstruct defective tracheas in seven fetal lambs. Four to five weeks later, the lambs were born, an...

Gene increases risk of tuberculosis

...hs occurring annually. But not all people who are exposed to this bug become ill -- a phenomenon largely explained by genetic differences that make some individuals more prone to developing disease than others. Indeed, a recent scientific study found that a particular region on the human chromosome 17 was ...

Polio vaccination strategies assessed as eradication nears

...infection experience prolonged virus shedding when exposed to OPV, "and therefore probably represent minimal risk of re-introducing vaccine virus into the population after poliovirus has been eradicated," the authors concluded. The alternative to OPV, a live virus vaccine, is an inactivated polio vaccine (I...

Tuberculosis still a risk for patients receiving HIV drugs

...dustrialized nations might develop TB if they were exposed to the tuberculosis organism in the past, especially for those emigrating from resource-poor countries. Their weakened immune status can allow reactivation of latent TB infection, according to lead author Enrico Girardi, MD, of the Istituto Nazionale...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...o activate GnRH neurons. To investigate this, they exposed male and female mice, respectively, to female or m...t are connected to GnRH neurons reacted. They also exposed the males to clean bedding, which was thought to be a neutral stimulus. They found that pheromones ...

Students discover 11,000 year old remains of Irish Elk

...le' ?a hollow created when blocks of ice melt, now exposed in the eroding the cliff face. Its stratigraphic position, high up in the kettle hole, may provide a later date for the presence of giant deer on the island than previous studies. The antler, dubbed 'Erica the Elk' by the students, will be presented...

Engineered Stem Cells Show Promise For Sneaking Drugs Into The Brain

...ers," Svendsen explains. But cells in the striatum exposed to GDNF in the Wisconsin study showed an ability to recover and sprout new fibers. "It actually seems to work better in the terminal (striatum)," Svendsen says. "The bonus is it gets transported back to the substantia niagra." The transplanted cell...

Worms know bad food when they smell it

...r of three sets of worms. The first group had been exposed only to a harmless strain of E. coli for their e...esult in a toxic infection. The worms that grew up exposed to a toxic variety of bacteria, however, showed a clear preference for E. coli over the pathogen t...

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