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Tag: "exposed" at biology news

Modifications render carbon nanotubes nontoxic

...toxicological studies, identical cell cultures are exposed to various forms and concentrations of toxins. In ... 48 hours. In the current study, CBEN researchers exposed skin cell cultures to varying doses of four types of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes, o...

MicroRNAs have shaped the evolution of the majority of mammalian genes

...RNAs whose target sequences were not conserved and exposed them to microRNAs, which latched on without a problem. The experiment proved that a matching sequence is generally sufficient to disrupt mRNA's ability to make protein. But while Grimson showed that, at least in the lab, microRNAs could regulate mR...

Anthrax stops body from fighting back, study shows

...ks and the anthrax attacks that killed five people exposed to inhalation anthrax through the mail. The UF fin...e researchers studied how neutrophils reacted when exposed to a purified form of anthrax lethal toxin, the part of the spore linked to the illness. Unlike an ...

Scientists develop nanotech-laser treatment that kills cancer cells without harming healthy tissue

...njected the tumors with gold-coated nanoshells and exposed the animals to near-infrared light for several minutes. The tumors disappeared within 10 days without damaging any healthy tissue. Future applications Dai points out that the carbon nanotubes also can be delivered to diseased cells by direct inject...

Agricultural workers at increased risk for infection with animal flu viruses

...tant opportunity for people who are occupationally exposed to pigs to become infected with influenza viruses ...d 2004. Three populations were occupational groups exposed to pigs: 111 farmers, 97 meat processing workers and 65 veterinarians. The fourth control group incl...

Prenatal exposure to marine toxin causes lasting damage

... cause subtle but lasting cognitive damage in rats exposed to the chemical before birth. Humans can become po...hen conducted a battery of behavioral tests on the exposed and normal animals to determine the effects of early domoic acid on movement and working memory. R...

New discovery: If it weren't for this enzyme, decomposing pesticide would take millennia

...ding the enzyme in bacteria in fields never before exposed to the pesticide Shell D-D would demonstrate that that it had not evolved in the past 50 years, Wolfenden said. "What is also remarkable, and unexpected, is that in the bacteria that contain this 'new' enzyme, CaaD, there is another enzyme, tautomer...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...diation from the disaster, almost all being highly exposed rescue workers, many who died within months of the... consequences, especially for thousands of workers exposed in the early days who received very high radiation doses, and for the thousands more stricken with t...

Living anti-HIV gel shows early promise

...duced promising results in mice, trials on monkeys exposed to HIV or the primate equivalent (SIV) will have to be successful before the bacteria can be tested in people. "It is a fascinating concept," says Harold Kessler, associate director of the Infectious Diseases Section at Rush University Medical Center...

'Smart' nanoprobes light up disease

.... They remained dark until the nanostructures were exposed to collagenase after which the luminescence steadily returned. Ultimately, the researchers hope to pair a series of quantum dots, each with a unique NIR optical signature, to an index of linker proteases. "There is currently a critical need for met...

CO2 sensing proves critical for fungal pathogens to adapt to life in air and human hosts

...). Consequently, C. albicans and C. neoformans are exposed to dramatically elevated CO2 concentrations when causing systemic disease. In their research, the authors identify CO2 as a physiological signal that induces the pathogenic filamentous transition in C. albicans; they also demonstrate that an ancient ...

Building a better mouse model of lung cancer: FHIT counts

...ormal mice that had both copies of the gene. They exposed all the mice to NNK, a powerful carcinogen commonl...gland and other parts of the body. The scientists exposed mice deficient in both genes to a second carcinogen, DMN, which is also found in smoke but also in b...

Researchers discover why melanoma is so malignant

...ot simply because it is external and thus uniquely exposed to environmental stresses. For the second experiment, the team used microarray technology (chips covered with fragments of DNA that can measure gene levels) and found that Slug was expressed in human melanoma. "Really, this isn't that surprising,...

Normal chromosome ends elicit a limited DNA damage response

...nd if so, they wondered, why didn't the presumably exposed chromosome ends trigger a DNA damage response? Turns out they do, at least to a limited extend. "During a small window right after DNA replication, when the cell gets ready for cell division, chromosome ends are exposed," says research fellow and...

K-State researchers study insects' immune system

...'s blood for part of its life cycle, all the while exposed to the mosquito's immune system. A successful parasite has to avoid the immune system or be able to defend against it. Understanding how a pathogen can survive might result in ways to disrupt the transmission of diseases, Kanost said. "Insects are t...

Reducing antibiotic use lowers rates of drug-resistant bacteria

...ion programs that are "focused on populations most exposed to antibiotics"--that is, children--is the first step in reining in superbugs, said lead author Didier Guillemot, MD, PhD, of Institut Pasteur. Intervention methods such as reducing the number of prescriptions and, when ordered, the dose and durati...

University of Delaware researchers develop cancer 'nanobomb'

...lmost like cluster bombs," he said. "Once they are exposed to light and the resulting heat, they start exploding one after another." The bombs are created by bundling the carbon nanotubes. With a single nanotube, the heat generated by the light is dissipated by surrounding air. In bundles, the heat cannot...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

...sessing cell death compared to cells that were not exposed to extracts. Georgia Tech scientists then prioritized further study of extracts that had strong effects on these disease-causing cells. The Callophycus red seaweed was one of the first five species that researchers investigated to identify the com...

Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce

...th the lysosomes. As a result the bacteria are not exposed to the large array of lysosomal digestive enzymes and acid. Killing the killer 'Basically what this means is that the rhodococci manipulate their host cell, they make it themselves comfartable in an environment free of acid and digestive enzymes ...

Magnetic probe successfully tracks implanted cells in cancer patients

...In these trials, dendritic cells from patients are exposed to proteins from the patients' cancer cells and th...sorbed, or ingested, the iron oxide particles when exposed to them in the lab. The magnetically labeled, cancer-primed cells were then returned to the patients...

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