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Tag: "explanation" at biology news

Brain differences could explain why males and females experience pain relief differently

...vide the first potential anatomical and functional explanation for sex differences in the experience of pain and responses to the drug morphine in the treatment of pain. Morphine is currently the drug of choice for treating several types of post-operative pain, and it is becoming increasingly clear that morph...

Avian influenza virus in mammals spreads beyond the site of infection to other organ systems

...e at sites containing viral proteins, providing an explanation for the increased severity of disease in humans. These data underscore the potential for influenza virus to spread not only from the respiratory tract but also from the digestive and urinary tracts, greatly increasing the possible routes of mammalia...

Macrophage signaling may affect hormone resistance in prostate tumors

...ell biology methods, they discovered a mechanistic explanation for at least one form of resistance to androgen antagonists. "It was of particular interest for us to determine whether a macrophage/prostate cancer cell interaction occurs, if it is a common event in prostate cancer, and whether this serves as a s...

Research updates 65-year-old genetic discovery

... made by Fisher and his team were accurate, "their explanation was wrong." Instead of being an example of balancing selection, the researchers conclude that both humans and chimpanzees have gene variants but for different reasons--and is an example of convergent evolution. It was only a few years ago, in 2003, ...

Bone and cartilage growth to blame for heart valve disease

... American College of Cardiology provides the first explanation of an active rather than passive process that leads to heart valve degeneration, furthering a Northwestern researcher's effort to lead a paradigm shift in the medical community's beliefs about the cause of valve disease. Heart valve disease is cause...

Faults in newly discovered breast stem cells may lead to tumours

.... A cancerous stem cell could provide one possible explanation for such a recurrence. Chemotherapy works by targeting cells that are dividing rapidly, which is typical behaviour of cancer cells. But an errant stem-like cell may be more resistant to chemotherapy because it divides more slowly. So while chemothe...

New Research Shows Artificial Light at Night Stimulates Breast Cancer Growth in Laboratory Mice

...e of breast cancer. It also offers a promising new explanation for the epidemic rise in breast cancer incidence in industrialized countries like the United States. The National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, agencies of the federal National Institutes of Health, pr...

Engineered heart tissue offers insights into irregular heartbeats, defibrillator failure

...s." The researchers' analysis revealed a possible explanation for the two responses. They found significant diff...c and Tung have presented a convincing mechanistic explanation for a clinically important phenomenon that they reproduced in a Petri dish," Igor Efimov and Crystal...

Dying of excitement

...he plasma and cerebral spinal fluid. One possible explanation for this glutamate build-up, reported online on March 6th in The Journal of Experimental Medicine, is a mutation in the gene encoding the glutamate transporter protein EAAT2. This mutation --- a single nucleotide change in the promoter region of the...

'Scent of a woman' tells male redback spiders to find a mate

...tion for that female. "This provides a really good explanation for why there is so much size variation [among males] in the wild," says Kasumovic. "Everybody always states that the small males are a by-product of them not being able to get enough resources, but we're showing that they're intentionally developing...

Genes discovered that allow gum disease bacterium to invade arteries

...infect human arterial cells, offering one possible explanation for a perceived connection between gum disease and heart disease. Scientists from the University of Florida, Gainesville, present their findings today at the 106th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in Orlando, Florida. "Asid...

Magnetism and mimicry of nature hold hope for better medicine, environmental safety

...ire only miniscule amounts of fluids. A detailed explanation of the process is presented in an article published in the July 17 edition of Applied Physics Letters, a leading international journal reporting on significant new findings in physics applied to engineering, technology and other sciences. The article...

Wild vs. lab rodent comparison supports hygiene hypothesis

...itis and scleroderma. "The most commonly accepted explanation for this high incidence of allergy and perhaps autoimmune disease is the hygiene hypothesis," Parker said. But this hypothesis has not been thoroughly tested in animal studies, he said, and the few studies conducted have focused on specific pathogens...

HIV-1's high virulence might be an accident of evolution

...ional team of researchers is the first to offer an explanation for this striking difference. The group found that a viral protein earlier shown to help the virus evade the immune system, thereby allowing the SIVs that infect monkeys to persist and multiply with high efficiency, also has a protective role in the...

Tyrannosaur survivorship -- tough times for teens

...imated survivorship curve also provides a possible explanation for the rarity of individual giants--just two per cent of the population lived long enough to attain maximal size and age for the species. ...

Non-coding RNAs help silence the mammalian transcription

...l, it is becoming clear that there is not a single explanation for the silencing of all imprinted genes. Rather mammals have co-opted multiple transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that were already evolved. In the case of the Kcnqt1ot1, the mechanism utilizes some form of RNA silencing. The variation in silenc...

Bacteria have their own immune system protecting against outside DNA

...ry author of the study. "This research gives us an explanation of how pathogenic bacteria have evolved over millions of years." The researchers also learned that the H-NS protein is able to recognize foreign DNA on the basis of its increased content of adenine and thymine, the building blocks of DNA. "It has b...

miRNA-mediated silencing of mRNAs

...by induction of mRNA degradation. This provides an explanation for changes in mRNA levels observed at least for a subset of miRNA targets." ...

OHSU study says stem cell 'fusion' occurs in tumors

...malignant, Wong believes the fusion process is one explanation for how tumors acquire genetic instability and hav...ly unstable. Fusion may be an underlying molecular explanation of why these cells might be more susceptible to cancer development." In the PNAS study, Wong and he...

Green tea and the 'Asian Paradox'

...f Medicine researcher. "We do not yet have a full explanation for the 'Asian paradox,' which refers to the very low incidence of both heart disease and cancer in Asia, even though consumption of cigarettes is greater than in most other countries," said Bauer Sumpio, M.D., professor and Chief of Vascular Surgery...

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