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Tag: "explains" at biology news

MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels

...ormation from the reflected light MERIS measures," explains Nadine Gobron of EC-JRC. "It requires the developm... the quality of the MGVI and comparable products," explains Gobron. "This takes place both through inter-comparisons between the products generated by various i...

Hopkins scientists uncover 'tags' that force proteins to cell surface

...identify viral proteins or other immune triggers," explains Li. Also, the number of possible combinations of eight-block-long protein segments provides a "reasonable number" to sort through -- 25 billion or so -- given today's high throughput technologies. To make it even easier, Shikano developed a system ...

Otter adaptations: How do otters remain sleek and warm

...their fur. "The air insulates like a down jacket," explains Weisel. A common otter behavior, next to their playfulness, is their constant grooming. This behavior is another important aspect of an otter's heat-sparing abilities. In addition to the interlocking structure of the underhairs, these hairs are coat...

Genome Sequence for Haemophilus Influenzae Completed

...their fur. "The air insulates like a down jacket," explains Weisel. A common otter behavior, next to their playfulness, is their constant grooming. This behavior is another important aspect of an otter's heat-sparing abilities. In addition to the interlocking structure of the underhairs, these hairs are coat...

Methamphetamine Abuse, HIV Infection Cause Changes in Brain Structure

...n one brain region, the hippocampus. Dr. Jernigan explains that the changes seen in brain structures could be the result of inflammation in the brain and/or compensatory changes associated with methamphetamine toxicity. Also, brain inflammation associated with HIV infection may contribute to brain cell shrin...

Researchers develop gene therapy to reverse pulmonary arterial hypertension

...lung blood vessels. "The most intriguing aspect," explains principal researcher Evangelos Michelakis, "is we've shown for the first time that this cancer protein is also expressed within the blood vessels of the lung in patients suffering with PAH, but not in normal human blood vessels, making survivin a ver...

Errors in the measurement of global warming corrected

...robes of the weather balloon (radiosonde) probably explains the discrepancy between reports showing that atmospheric temperatures have been unchanged since the 1970's, while temperatures at the Earth's surface are rising. For the last 40 years radiosonde temperature information has been collected twice each ...

Einstein researchers identify new way that bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics

...antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones. The finding explains why several disease-causing microbes, including Shigella and E. coli, are rapidly becoming resistant to fluoroquinolones. The international research effort was led by Dr. John S. Blanchard, the Dan Danciger Professor of Biochemistry at the Albert Ei...

Researchers discover new tumor defense system

...ility to kill tumor cells. "We found two things," explains Dr. Kleinfeld. "First, the most common type of free fatty acids, which at normal levels are essential for life, at high levels prevents the cytotoxic T lymphocytes from destroying tumor cells. The second thing is that human breast cancer cells, but n...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

... at low levels on normal tissue as with Her2/Neu," explains Paterson. "So how is the body to mount a strong enough immune reaction?" In general, bacteria are good at inducing both innate and adaptive immune responses, activating such immune cells as macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells. This helps jump-...

India's smoking gun: Dino-killing eruptions

...of each other will record similar magnetic fields, explains Chenet. Longer than that and the natural changes in Earth's magnetic field start to show up. The team also incorporated information about the lava's chemistry, the way it flowed and piled up and the red weathered soils between lava layers to estimate...

UW-Madison scientists zero in on drugs' sweet spots

...ugars attached to these drugs was very difficult," explains Thorson, of the UW-Madison Pharmacy School's Laboratory for Biosynthetic Chemistry. "These are very complex molecules." The new technique replaces enzymes, biological catalysts, with a robust chemical method, allowing researchers to easily manipulat...

Nanotechnology to provide portable genetic risk detection

...stem, although the main market is in biomedicine," explains OPTONANOGEN coordinator Laura Lechuga at the National Microelectronics Centre (CNM) in Spain. "Though commercial biosensing systems exist they are larger and designed to be used in laboratories. We are the first to develop a fully integrated system o...

A 'dimmer switch' for genes

...: it has structure, it has shape, but it jiggles," explains Graves. "We didn't discover jiggling, but we were able to determine that the amount of internal motion within a protein corresponds to the ability of a protein to do its work." Phosphorylation was found to decrease the internal motion of Ets-1, reduc...

New research puts a fresh spin on current thinking of speech evolution in humans

... in memory for the service of communicative acts," explains Dr. Petrides. "That is, Broca's area may have evolved originally as an area exercising high-level control over oral and facial actions, including those related to communicative acts, and that, in the human brain, this area eventually came to control ...

Baby's genes affect mom's cholesterol levels

...and lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides." explains Descamps. "Lipoproteins represent the only way for lipids, which are insoluble in water, to be transported through the blood circulation, composed exclusively of water." The study focused on two specific proteins involved in lipid metabolism, lipo...

Research casts doubt on circulating stem cells

...with healthy marrow marked by a fluorescent gene," explains Bonn physiologist Professor Dr. Anton Wernig. The hope of the medical scientists is that the transplanted stem cells will find their way through the blood into damaged muscle fibres where they can produce functioning dystrophin. The Bonn researcher t...

Scientists unpick genetics of first 15 minutes of life

...ion of this gene in the maternal (mother's) genome explains why eggs fail to produce a zygote - or early embryo - despite the presence of 'healthy' sperm. Although the researchers use the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to discover the basic genetic processes of sex, the same genetic processes are present ...

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

...ased on sequence variants of the LHB/CGB genes," explains Laan. "We may be able to determine whether an ind...r mutational analysis, which we call TAR cloning," explains Larionov. "Using this method, we isolated the SPANX region from 200 individuals by recombination ...

Housecat-sized Siberian tiger cubs get collared

...ased on sequence variants of the LHB/CGB genes," explains Laan. "We may be able to determine whether an ind...r mutational analysis, which we call TAR cloning," explains Larionov. "Using this method, we isolated the SPANX region from 200 individuals by recombination ...

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