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Tag: "explain" at biology news

Love at first smell

...uld depend on our MHC genes. Perhaps these results explain why some perfumes smell good on some people and terrible on others." Professor Thomas Boehm, Max-Plank Society said: "The new results raise the question of whether humans can also gather information about MHC on the basis of peptides." ...

In the migratory marathon, parasitized monarchs drop out early

...ished in the March issue of Ecology Letters, could explain why parasite infections are much lower in migratory monarch populations compared to year-round residents that do not migrate. Habitat loss at overwintering sites and climate warming trends, combined with an increase of tropical milkweed species in mi...

International HapMap consortium expands mapping effort

...e percent difference is important because it helps explain why one person may be more susceptible to a certain disease than another. For any given disease, such as type II diabetes or coronary artery disease, researchers can use the HapMap to compare the genetic variation patterns of a group of people known ...

Children's taste sensitivity and food choices influenced by taste gene

...e influence of genetics. The findings may help to explain why some children are more attracted to sweet-tasting foods, as well as why taste and food preferences appear to change with age. "The sense of taste is an important determinant of what children eat. We know that young children eat what they like. W...

Rats infected as newborns grew up vulnerable to memory problems during an immune challenge

...g it lasts. Still, says Bilbo, "This may go far to explain some of the individual variability in disease susceptibility, other than genetic variation, in animals in the wild and perhaps humans." The authors conclude that neonatal infection can create later problems by changing how well the body can respond ...

Multiple Campylobacter Genomes Sequenced

...ulence or fitness, so their presence could help to explain the different biological behaviors of these strains. There are also major variations in the genes responsible for synthesis of molecules that are important for the interaction of Campylobacter with the environment. Such differences could underlie the...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

...nces should be recognized as a potential factor to explain sex-specific traits both in complex disease, as well as normal gender differences," he continued. Notwithstanding the genomic and biological significance of these sex-specific differences, many questions remain, Willard said. For example, further st...

Gene Signatures Predict Interferon Response For Multiple Sclerosis Patients

...86% accuracy. Baranzini et al. offer hypotheses to explain how the observed gene activity might produce the differential responses to therapy—for example, a poor response may stem from downstream signaling events rather than from problems with drug metabolism. But the authors caution that the mechanisms conn...

Chemists identify immune system mechanism for methamphetamine binges

...finding, if confirmed in human studies, could help explain why chronic users go on long binges with the illic... proposed proves true in humans, then it will help explain why addicts go on prolonged binges, requiring more frequent intake and ever-increasing amounts of th...

A frog's life is food for thought

...food for long periods. Ms Cramp's study is helping explain why animals such as the green-striped burrowing frog are able to gorge themselves on huge meals without overwhelming their digestive system. "Nothing was known about their digestive physiology when I first started this project and for an animal that...

Robot-based system developed at Carnegie Mellon detects life in Chile's Atacama desert

...desert environment. This characterization also may explain why such a high proportion of the bacteria from the most arid site are pigmented ?red, yellow or pink ?as they grow in the laboratory, according to Minkley. The first phase of the ASTEP project began in 2003 when a solar-powered robot named Hyperion...

Discovery Promises Simpler Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease

...erity of their disease symptoms. That result might explain a long-standing puzzle: patients with sickle cell exhibit extreme variability in the severity of their symptoms, despite the fact that the disease stems from a single genetic defect, Stamler said. "This finding, if verified in clinical trials, could...

Iron exporter revealed that may explain common human disorder

...ritical in the cellular export of iron may help to explain human hemochromatosis, researchers report in the March issue of Cell Metabolism. Hemochromatosis--which affects one in every 200 to 300 people in Western populations --causes tissues of the body to become overloaded with iron. Left untreated, the he...

Institute for Systems Biology Symposium Addresses Need for Better Computational Tools

...red in the protein data bank/PDB. Folded proteins explain many biological functions -- just as the parts in a car determine the role they play in the car's function, three dimensional protein structures of protein determine the roles they play in living organisms. Once completed, the Human Proteome Folding ...

Fibril Shape Is The Basis Of Prion Strains And Cross-species Prion Infection

...es share an overlapping set of shapes, which helps explain why species with shared sequences have the ability to infect each other. Surewicz says the next step in their research will be to examine fibril shape differences at much higher resolution. Their experiments also used a shortened version of the mamm...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

...by a team of Berkeley researchers. Their study may explain how a complex of proteins, called kinetochores, can recognize and stay attached to microtubules, hollow fibers in the walls of biological cells that are responsible for the faithful segregation of chromosomes during cell division. "In test tube expe...

HIV-1 spread through six transmission lines in the UK

...ndom use has been reported since 1990, which could explain the equilibrium reached for the number of infections. “Antiretroviral therapy may also have impacted on transmission rates, but our evidence does not demonstrate this. You would expect growth rates to decrease in the late rather than early 1990s aro...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...urvival," writes Dr. Mak. Elevated DJ-1 levels may explain why some tumors without PTEN mutations exhibit enhanced PKB/Akt activity. The authors go on to suggest that DJ-1 may be a prognostic marker for cancer patients and be useful as a target for development of future cancer therapeutics. Interestingly, D...

Microbial fuel cell: High yield hydrogen source and wastewater cleaner

...enerate hydrogen. In their paper, the researchers explain that hydrogen production by bacterial fermentation is currently limited by the "fermentation barrier" -- the fact that bacteria, without a power boost, can only convert carbohydrates to a limited amount of hydrogen and a mixture of "dead end" ferment...

Birds brains reveal source of songs

...d still sings, but never learns the right song. To explain this effect, scientists theorized that the AFP cir...ther's) example. That hypothesis, however, did not explain how all the playful variability in the little bird's babble arose in the first place. For years, no...

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