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Tag: "explain" at biology news

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...ills on the flanks of a fast-spreading ridge. "To explain these features, we suggest that abyssal hill hydrothermal venting occurs in frequent bursts, possibly triggered by earthquakes," said Haymon. "Such widespread and oft-repeated pulses of hydrothermal venting may stimulate microbial blooms on abyssal h...

Source of molecular triggers in cutaneous T cell lymphoma identified

...es of normal T cells to microbial agents. This may explain the susceptibility of patients with extensive CTCL to opportunistic infections. "Through understanding T cell and dendritic cell interactions, we may gain the ability to manage a spectrum of maladies ranging from cancer to disorders of immune regula...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...ility to evade the human immune system. This could explain why the parasite can stay hidden in the body for years at a time. Such information may help researchers find better means to harness the immune system to eradicate infection through vaccine development. A number of the metabolic adaptations and stra...

Male circumcision reduces risk of HIV transmission from women to men

...udies of monogamous couples. Theirresults may help explain the rapid spread of HIV in settings wherecircumcision is not common and multiple sexual partnerships are. Between1993 and 1997, 745 male employees of trucking companies based inMombasa, Kenya were followed for the study. Initially they wereevaluated...

Mitochondrial DNA mutations play significant role in prostate cancer

...rial DNA is inheritedfrom your mother, so this may explain those familial cases that are notpassed from father to son, but rather through the unaffected mother toher sons."...

Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium Uses Sonar-like Strategy to “See?Enemies or Prey

...s. Until Gilmore’s study, scientistswere unable to explain how the Enterococcus knew when to make it.In the Science study, Gilmore and his team found that this toxin ismade whenever there is another cell type in the environment near thebacterium, such as a human blood cell. They discovered how thesebacteria ...

Sea skate experiment sheds light on human cell transport

...cose. Goldstein and Musch say their findings could explain the problem. People with type 1 diabetes don't produce insulin. Without that hormone, vesicles aren't inserted into cell membranes ?and glucose can't be moved between cells. And when channels are blocked, damaged cells can't die. This cell "suicide"...

Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development

... paves the way foradditional studies that may help explain how exposure to BCE affectshuman nerve cell development and how it might relate to neurologicaldisorders. "We can clearly state that we found an increase in acomponent of PKA, and PKA is known to be involved in neuraldevelopment. The BCE mixture is c...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

... paves the way foradditional studies that may help explain how exposure to BCE affectshuman nerve cell development and how it might relate to neurologicaldisorders. "We can clearly state that we found an increase in acomponent of PKA, and PKA is known to be involved in neuraldevelopment. The BCE mixture is c...

Gene variations explain drug dose required to control seizures

...e a number of such gene variants that together can explain and predict more and more of the variation among patients in drug response, allowing better informed treatment decisions," he continued. Control of epilepsy with phenytoin can be a difficult and lengthy process because of the wide range of doses req...

Enzyme shown to help protect genomic stability

...ns." "We have identified a molecular mechanism to explain how this enzyme helps keep telomeric DNA silenced and potentially protects the genome from destabilizing activity," says N.C. Tolga Emre, a graduate student in Berger's laboratory and lead author on the study. The Ubp10 enzyme acts on histones, mole...

Scientists discover the cellular roots of graying hair

... as “going gray,?yet scientists have been unableto explain the precise cause of this usually unwelcome transformation.In a report posted today on the Web site of the journal Science,researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children’s HospitalBoston say they have found the cellular cause of graying h...

Fundamental Finding Yields Insight into Stem Cells, Cancer; Opens Door to Drug Discovery

... as “going gray,?yet scientists have been unableto explain the precise cause of this usually unwelcome transformation.In a report posted today on the Web site of the journal Science,researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children’s HospitalBoston say they have found the cellular cause of graying h...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a new approach for directing treatment to metastasized prostate cancer in the bones.

... as “going gray,?yet scientists have been unableto explain the precise cause of this usually unwelcome transformation.In a report posted today on the Web site of the journal Science,researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children’s HospitalBoston say they have found the cellular cause of graying h...

Why do insects stop 'breathing'? To avoid damage from too much oxygen, say researchers

...eathing. "We'd like to expand our present model to explain all aspects of insect breathing. And we'd like to examine insects that do not show this pattern -- for example, desert beetles. While we have shown that insects monitor oxygen precisely, we do not know how that happens or which tissues and cells are ...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

...t family members, the RGP gene cluster may help to explain what sets apart humans and other primates from the rest of the animal kingdom. Human chromosome 2 has always intrigued primate biologists; it formed from the fusion of two mid-sized ape chromosomes and is the only cytogenetic distinction separating...

New studies suggest airborne SARS transmission is possible

...al contamination of hospital air or surfaces could explain the ongoing risk of SARS coronavirus transmission ... infectious diseases transmission could adequately explain the spread of the disease in the outbreak, and hence we feel that the evidence is quite strong." An...

Bird Brains Show How Trial and Error May Contribute to Learning

...uroscience. A similar brain pathway in humans may explain how children learn to talk by listening to themselves and others, and how adults learn and hone new motor skills, such as tennis. The process relies on feedback about what works and what doesn't, also called experience-dependent or performance-based ...

TEL2 gene cooperates with MYC gene to provoke B-cell lymphomas

... and become cancerous." The study's findings help explain the interlocking roles of MYC, TEL2, and p53 in the development of B lymphoma. It was already known that many human B-cell lymphomas over-express the MYC gene, either because the tumor cells acquire additional copies of this gene or because the cells...

Examination of internal 'wiring' of yeast, worm, and fly reveals conserved circuits

...is type of wiring analysis will help us more fully explain how the diversity of life developed on the planet, and more practically, how a pathogen differs from its human host, or a diseased cell differs from it healthy counterpart at the most informative level of detail." For centuries, systematic compariso...

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