experiments 2 7

Tag: "experiments" at biology news

Most common lung cancers may begin in newly discovered cells

...specialized kinds of cells deep in the lung. Their experiments show that at the earliest stage of tumor development, the stem cell appears to be the first lung cells that respond to a cancer-causing mutation. The newly identified cell type fulfills all but one of the strictest criteria that scientists look for i...

Endocannabinoids ?the brain's cannabis ?demonstrate novel modes of action to stress

...t be important." Sabatier noted that most related experiments are carried out in rats, "but we think that the basic ways in which these circuits work is very similar in all mammals. These brain circuits are very old in evolutionary terms, and they govern behaviors that are of fundamental importance to most spec...

Bacteria are key to 'green' plastics, drugs

...ss worked once both paths were put in place. "Our experiments in the laboratory have produced near-maximum yields, with almost all the glucose being converted into succinate," said San. "The implementation was actually easier than we expected because the cells did the balancing themselves." Bennett and San sai...

Tetanus toxin found to have therapeutic properties

...on its effects on the nervous system of rats. The experiments have shown that the harmless part inhibits serotonin from being transported through the synaptic membranes, i.e. the membranes that connect the neurones so that signals can be sent through the brain. The molecule is as effective as the selective inhi...

Can't serve an ace? Could be muscle fatigue

...l trouble carrying out skilled movements. "In our experiments we found that when the muscles in one arm were fatigued, the effort required to maintain a set arm position was much greater. When asked to keep both arms in a similar position, where one arm was fatigued and the other was not, the arms did not align...

Nicotine triggers the same brain reward circuitry as opiates

In experiments with mice, researchers have found that nicotine tr...kers could be used to help smokers quit. In their experiments reported in the June 16, 2005, issue of Neuron, the researchers administered nicotine to mice and an...

Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells

... explored." The researchers also performed fusion experiments using pelvic bone cells as the somatic cells and a different human embryonic cell line, to demonstrate that their technique was not restricted to one adult cell type or embryonic cell line. In both cases, the researchers observed extensive reprogra...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

...k in a given action. Their findings -- gained from experiments in which they gave the monkeys a chance to gamble to receive juice rewards -- could give insights into why humans compulsively engage in risky behaviors, including gambling, unsafe sex, drug use and overeating. The researchers, Michael Platt and All...

New lead reported in tumor angiogenesis

...s." Zeng and his colleagues conducted a series of experiments under carefully controlled laboratory conditions to determine whether, as they suspected, HGF stimulates head and neck tumor cells to release pro-angiogenic proteins. To their surprise, they found that was not the case. Tumor cells stimulated by HGF ...

Ants win a waxy race

... two claws and an adhesive pad. Bruening performed experiments with ants running along glass and wax rod, clipping off their claws or pads to assess the essence of these components. She observed that, as it approaches a waxy surface, the ants use these claws to interlock to the surface. However, on glass rods, ...

Engineered molecule amplifies body's immune response

...s that might increase Stat1 responsiveness. These experiments may eventually lead to many improvements in cancer therapy as well as the treatment of other infections. Basically, any situation in which interferon hyper-responsiveness might be beneficial will profit from Dr. Holtzman's research. "One could use o...

Scientists devise way to measure RNA synthesis on the fly in a live cell

...In recent years, astronomers have rushed to design experiments that might help them determine what dark matter is made of. "RNA molecules could be called the 'dark matter' of biology," Cluzel said. Biologists have long known that RNA serves as an important intermediary between DNA and the factories throughout t...

Public collections of DNA and RNA sequence reach 100 gigabases

...mplex types of information, such as the results of experiments that measure the activities of thousands of genes, or computational models of entire processes, it is important to celebrate the achievements of the three databases that pioneered the open exchange of biological information." In the late 1970s, as ...

Bitter or sweet? The same taste bud can tell the difference

...the current study, the researchers conducted their experiments on taste bud cells taken from the rear of the tongues of rats. (The back of the tongue has the highest concentration of taste buds.) They isolated single cells from individual taste buds. They attached very small, fine electrodes to these single cell...

Malfunctioning bone marrow cells sabotage nerve cells in diabetes

...an, in collaboration with Chan, performed numerous experiments in diabetic rats and mice. Their work defined the role of the aberrant cells in causing neuropathy. They found that, in diabetes, only nerve cells that have fused with bone marrow cells display the abnormal function and premature death found in neu...

Secrets of the deep may hold key to life on other planets

...l grant to design and build seafloor fossilisation experiments to investigate this fundamental process. "We've already found a number of fossils, but don't know how they came to be there," said Dr Little. "Until we know more it's very difficult to interpret the fossil record we already have." Pieces of hydrothe...

Cultural norms not unique to human societies

...udies that used human models for cultural-learning experiments with chimpanzees, researchers Victoria Horner, PhD, and Frans B. M. de Waal, PhD, of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes Research Center, and Andrew Whiten, PhD, of the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, applied a unique method that extends the e...

Study identifies gene in mice that may control risk-taking behavior in humans

...ve cells in the amygdala. Researchers conducted experiments on mice with a single copy of the neuroD2 gene to test the theory that only having one copy of the gene impacts emotional learning and the development of traits such as fear and aggression. Long-term behavioral studies of mice with no neuroD2 genes w...

3D Atlas Will Help Navigate The Spinal Cord

...pired by human considerations and relate data from experiments in animals back to humans. The proposed description of the structure of the spinal cord will be based on a comprehensive use of neurochemical markers (chemoarchitecture). Many pathways in the nervous system contain a particular protein which can be ...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...n geneticist Tomas A. Prolla describes a series of experiments in mutant and normal mice that peel away some of t...umulates, critical cells die," says Prolla. "These experiments favor a major role for programmed cell death in aging." If true, the new insights may one day lead ...

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