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Tag: "exist" at biology news

No small feat: First ever gene therapy success for muscular dystrophy achieved

... noticed soon after birth. No effective treatments exist and children usually die quite young. Despite gene therapy being among the most vigorously studied approaches for muscular dystrophy, it has been beset with uniquely difficult hurdles. The genes to replace those that are defective in CMD are larger ...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

...Thus far, their studies suggest the tunnels do not exist between commonly used fibroblast and tumor cell lines. Interestingly, if not for a minor mishap while carrying out an experiment, the authors might not have discovered the existence of these physical structures and conducted the studies that reveale...

Modification of program enables prediction of gene transcription

..., spliced UTRs on genes that weren't even known to exist before," Brent said. The system takes advantage of the scarcity of the CG sequence, finding so-called CpG "islands" known to be more common near the transcription-start site. It also has a knack for recognizing sequences that indicate splice sites. ...

Several minute intermediate stage in virus-cell fusion discovered; opportunity for drug development

...ists describe this time interval, was not known to exist for virus-cell fusion events. The net effect is that the invading virus is held up for a significant amount of time and, in the rare cases in which the pore does not open, it fails to infect the cell at all. "It's like a space craft docking on a spa...

Team of international scientists departs today to discover the unknown in China's Himalayan region

...r plants and 42 percent of terrestrial vertebrates exist only in these 34 hotspots. Results from the expedition will be shared with numerous entities, such as the Chinese government, environmental organizations and scientists to develop strategies to protect the unique species of the region. At Disney's A...

Defect in gene causes 'neuralgic amyotrophy'

...rd treatment? Today, no effective therapies yet exist to retard or prevent the progress of Neuralgic Amyotrophy. The current treatment is merely supportive. The findings of the researchers in Antwerp are a first essential step in the development of a specific treatment. Now that they know the gene invol...

Researchers create infectious hepatitis C virus in a test tube

...hat. "The hallmark of viruses is their ability to exist in a form outside the host cell capable of infecting new cells," says first author Brett Lindenbach, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in Rice's lab. "Our method replicates and produces virus particles that can infect new cells, initiating replication in ...

Structures of marine toxins provide insight into their effectiveness as cancer drugs

...ns, which are produced naturally by organisms that exist symbiotically on deep-sea sponges, work by disrupting the activity of actin, an abundant protein that gives structure to eukaryotic cells. "Actin forms long chains, or filaments, that are essential for cellular locomotion, division and growth," expl...

Study identifies gene in mice that may control risk-taking behavior in humans

...n't think of trading places. Why these differences exist is a mystery, but for the first time researchers have identified a possible genetic explanation behind risk-seeking behavior. Scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have found that a specific neurodevelopmental gene, called neuroD2, i...

Secrets of the deep may hold key to life on other planets

... on earth and even give us clues to how life could exist onother planets. The creatures live around hydrothermal vents - incredibly hot environments in the deep sea - and are unique because they depend on bacteria living inside them for their own survival. These bacteria take their energy from hydrogen s...

Stem Cells Found In Cerebellum; Possible Cell of Origin for Childhood Brain Tumors

... scientists, as stem cells had never been shown to exist in the cerebellum. The Duke study provides the first evidence that stem cells actually exist in the cerebellum and supports the theory that medulloblastomas could arise from these cells, said t...

Micro-molecule plays big role in birth defects

...oRNAs, more than 200 types of which are thought to exist in the human body. "We looked at limb development because it's a great place to demonstrate the technique," said Brian Harfe, Ph.D., an assistant professor of molecular genetics and microbiology in the College of Medicine and lead author of the repo...

Fluorescing lab worms signal longer life spans

...he said. "We suspect several different biomarkers exist that represent the many different stress-response systems present in an organism," Rea said. "By finding them, we should ultimately be able to find what makes an animal robust to many different insults." Johnson authored a milestone paper in 1988 sh...

Novel compounds show promise as safer, more potent insecticides

...f internal calcium in these cells. These receptors exist in both mammals and insects but have distinct differences. Researchers have known that ryanodine itself has insecticidal properties, but no synthetic molecules had previously been identified that potently and selectively target these receptors in ins...

Scientists reveal how disease bacterium survives inside immune system cell

...r component of the human immune system -- billions exist inside each human. Typically, neutrophils ingest and then kill harmful bacteria by producing molecules that are toxic to cells, including a bleach-like substance called hypochlorous acid. Once the bacteria are killed, the involved neutrophils self-de...

Discovery of New Dopamine Action May Yield Alternative Psychiatric Drugs

...to relay messages more slowly. Dopamine receptors exist in two forms, D1 and D2 class receptors, both belonging to a class of slow-acting receptors known as G protein-coupled receptors. One method by which dopamine relays messages to the brain over a period of minutes has been well worked out. The new stu...

Major new UNC-based drinking water study suggests pregnancy fears may be overstated

... the results of a major new study. If such threats exist at all, which is uncertain, they likely are modest, it concludes. The national study, directed by University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill scientists, contrasts with earlier, less detailed work done in Northern California and published in 1998. T...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

...NA shuffling Studying mutant strains that already exist only represents half of Kao's work; she also creates her own mutants. Creating the mutants on her own offers two advantages. First, instead of making mutants with chemicals and radiation, her group uses transposons--small DNA segments that can replic...

Primates on the brink

...s, lemurs, great apes and other non-human primates exist wherever they live. All 25 primates on the 2004-2006 list are found in the world's biodiversity hotspots-34 regions identified by Conservation International that cover just 2.3 percent of the Earth's land surface but harbor well over 50 percent of a...

15-year hunt finds cause of pseudothalidomide syndrome

...ays Gordillo. "Comparative genomics didn't really exist even five years ago," says Jabs. "Techniques to genetically engineer yeast, fruit flies and even mice have dramatically improved in the last 15 years. And we were also able to look at when and where the gene is expressed during human development. Wit...

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