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Tag: "example" at biology news

American scientist's research of life's first cells

...brane from other, empty vesicles. This could be an example of Darwinian evolution, according to Chen. "Exploration of these minimal systems promises to lead to more exciting insights into the origins of biological complexity," she writes. Chen is currently completing medical school at Harvard and plans to co...

New sunscreen ingredient to heal sunburn and help prevent skin cancer

...ron necessary for normal biological processes, for example the red blood cells that transport oxygen around the body need iron to work." Additional hurdles in the research were that many chelators are ineffective protectors of cells, and many of them are patented and so cannot be used freely by all researc...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...ons. As with many other health technologies, for example vaccines, it is people in the developing world, where 90% of humankind lives, that may ultimately derive the most benefit," says senior responsible author Abdallah Daar, Director of Ethics and Policy of the U of T McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medi...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

...ies, the males survive. "We have found the first example of two genes that interact to cause lethality in a species hybrid," said the paper's senior author, Daniel Barbash, assistant professor in Cornell's Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics. The finding supports the Dobzhansky-Muller model, a t...

Key to acute lung injury lies in Ang2 protein

...pulmonary edema." Bhandari said the study is an example of true bench-to-bedside translational research. "All the work was initially done on mice in which we found that the Ang2 protein was involved in HALI," said Bhandari. "We also defined how the protein creates lung injury and then we showed its clinic...

The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource

... for great minds working together and serves as an example of how discovery science can be applied to current environmental problems facing humanity." Among the major discoveries yielded from the poplar project is the identification of over 45,000 protein-coding genes, more than any other organism sequenced...

Protein folding: Building a strong foundation

...said. "Our collaborative team has set an excellent example for future study." ...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

...on are the ones that survive and reproduce. An example of parasitism in the tumor environment can be seen in angiogenesis, in which a subset of tumor cells send chemical signals to stimulate the host to generate new blood vessels to supply the tumor with nutrients. The neighboring cells that aren't inves...

Special chip provides better picture of salmon health

...ay different roles in the lifecycle of salmon, for example immune response. Professor Chris Secombes lead researcher from the University of Aberdeen explained: "We have identified hundreds of genes which are increased or decreased following infection, many of which may be indicators of disease. We have al...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...s dictate which way the cell shifts. In a classic example of survival of the fittest, a cancer cell's ability to toggle between epithelial and mesenchymal enables the most malignant cells to aggressively invade and then peacefully adapt in unfamiliar territory, the scientists said. "The prevailing notion h...

Psst! Coffee drinkers: Fruit flies have something to tell you about caffeine

...se to it." The discovery, which is the first ever example of a protein required for both caffeine tasting and caffeine-induced behavior, will be published Sept. 19 in Current Biology. For the study, Montell and his colleagues kept 50 fruit flies away from food overnight and for breakfast gave the starved ...

New dwarf buffalo discovered by chance in the Philippines

...e oceanic Philippines, is the first well-supported example of "island dwarfing" among cattle and their relatives. "Natural selection can produce dramatic body-size changes. On islands where there is limited food and a small population, large mammals often evolve to much smaller size," said Darin Croft, l...

Paramecia adapt their swimming to changing gravitational force

...ter, the force is always against them. The classic example is the slipper-shaped paramecium, which consistently swims harder going up than going down, just to keep from sinking. Now physicists Karine Guevorkian and James Valles of Brown University have worked out a way to turn gravity on its head and see how...

Reading Shakespeare has dramatic effect on human brain

...nique known as functional shift that involves, for example using a noun to serve as a verb. Researchers found that this technique allows the brain to understand what a word means before it understands the function of the word within a sentence. This process causes a sudden peak in brain activity and forces...

Too mellow for our predatory world

...mals. Over a longer evolutionary period, birds for example can lose their ability to fly. This would greatly reduce their ability to escape should new predators appear. In contrast to such "hard wired" traits, however, behavioural patterns should be significantly more flexible. In programmes introducing tame...

Affymetrix 500K array used to identify memory gene

...ps of subjects. "This memory study is a perfect example of how the use of advanced technologies in human genetics yields fundamental discoveries," said Stephen P.A. Fodor, Ph.D., chairman and CEO at Affymetrix. To learn more about this breakthrough: ...

Wheat gene may boost foods' nutrient content

...aid. "Furthermore, this discovery provides a clear example of the value and importance of conserving the wild germplasm -- the source of genetic diversity -- of our crop species." Dubcovsky leads a consortium of 20 public wheat-breeding programs known as the Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project, which is...

Contrary to common wisdom, scientist discovers some mammals can smell objects under water

...ir sense of smell usually degenerates. The primary example is the cetaceans ?whales and dolphins ?many of which have lost their sense of smell." Catania devised a series of experiments to determine whether the star-nosed mole and another small, semi-aquatic mammal - the water shrew - can smell objects unde...

Mayo Clinic study suggests that a central nervous system viral infection can lead to memory deficits

...l neurons in the hippocampus are not uncommon. For example infections caused by the herpes virus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can lead to the loss of brain cells, but while brain damage from these viruses is based on a persistent infection, brain damage from a picornavirus infection occurs only duri...

Development of gene therapy

...es in somatic gene therapy are on the horizon, for example in treating adenosine deaminase deficiency and chronic granulomatous disease. There are also initial indicators that point to the efficacy of gene therapy in treating chronic lymphatic leukaemia and haemophilia B. But successes in clinical testing co...

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