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Tag: "evolving" at biology news

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...een the parasite genomes. Some genes, however, are evolving rapidly, leading the team to suspect they include key genes involved in interacting with the human host - where the battle between parasite and patient is fought and where rapid response is important to both. Remarkably, L. braziliensis, the most ...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

...rs believe, to the presence of an ancient, rapidly evolving antiviral defense gene called TRIM5a, which produces a protein that binds to and destroys the virus before it can replicate within the body. "We know that PtERV1 infected chimps, gorillas and old-world monkeys 4 million years ago but left no traces...

Amphibians in losing race with environmental change

...ammals. "Historically, amphibians were adept at evolving to deal with new conditions," Blaustein said. "What they are doing is showing us just how rapid and unprecedented are the environmental changes under way. Many other species will also be unable to evolve fast enough to deal with these changes. Becaus...

WHO data confirms low level of resistance to Tamiflu

...e to maintain high vigilance to keep on top of the evolving virus. " Information gathering and results As with any antiviral medication, there is a theoretical risk that a virus may emerge with decreased sensitivity to a drug. The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility Network undertook screening for...

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

...er mammals have spent millions of years living and evolving with latent viral infections, Virgin notes, and the new results imply that infections may have altered our immune systems at a fundamental level. This could mean the virus-free animal models scientists use to study vaccines, autoimmune diseases, and ...

Mosquito genes explain response to climate change

...s of chromosomes that activate ?and are apparently evolving ?in animals in response to climate change. The map will allow researchers to narrow their focus to identify specific genes that control the seasonal development of animals. Such information will help predict which animals may survive in changing cl...

Baby fish 'smell their way home'

...-up of their tribe ?and so continue the process of evolving into separate new species." How the fish learn the unique smell of home is a mystery still. The researchers theorise that it is imprinted on them either when they are an egg inside their mothers, a fertilised egg swept around on the bottom, or new...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

...bs worldwide. “Tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field, and cardiovascular tissue is one of the most exciting areas but also one of the most challenging,?says Ravi Birla, Ph.D., the paper’s senior author and director of the U-M Artificial Heart Laboratory. “With this paper, we’re presenting the cur...

Dinosaur extinction didn't cause the rise of present-day mammals, claim researchers

...n number, and were prevented from diversifying and evolving in ecosystems dominated by dinosaurs. The tree of life shows that after the MEE, certain mammals did experience a rapid period of diversification and evolution. However, most of these groups have since either died out completely, such as Andrewsa...

MRSA toxin acquitted: Study clears suspected key to severe bacterial illness

... NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "This is an evolving pathogen that in recent decades has developed resistance to common medical treatments and now is finding new mechanisms to spread and cause severe illness." About 75 percent of CA-MRSA infections are localized to skin and soft tissue and usually c...

Math model predicts cancer behavior

...ion. "What we get is a picture of cells that are evolving and growing within a microenvironment," Quaranta said. "The nice thing about computer simulations is you can create ‘what if' scenarios: what if we make the oxygen very high, what if we turn oxygen off in the middle of tumor growth, what if we change...

Genome info from 'plant destroyers' could save trees, beans and chocolate

...s are undergoing rapid change. Many of the rapidly evolving genes encode toxins and other proteins that may debilitate plants. "We speculate that the rapidly changing genes are being driven to evolve by pressure from the defense systems of the pathogens' host plants," said Virginia Bioinformatics Institute's...

New clues to how sex evolves

... "These different species of Caenorhabditis are evolving rapidly away from one another," says Dernburg. "The zinc-finger proteins bind to different sites in the Pairing Centers on their chromosomes, which prevents pairing during meiosis, so even those who mate can't produce fertile offspring." The ques...

American scientist's research of life's first cells

...l mechanisms," said Chen. "This work suggests that evolving higher levels of biological organization might have been surprisingly easy during the origin of life." Born in San Diego, California, to Taiwanese-American parents, Chen majored in chemistry at Harvard University, and as an undergraduate studied m...

Evolution and the workaround

...t the function of vital genes, and they do this by evolving new mechanisms to perform old tasks. Somehow the bad guys find a workaround. That observation led Norman Pavelka, Giulia Rancati, and Rong Li, researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research in Kansas City, MO, to step back and consider...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

... their species in order to understand why they are evolving so fast. The Dobzhansky-Muller model also proposes that these evolved genes depend on each other to cause hybrid incompatibilities. However, when Barbash and his colleagues cloned each gene and inserted an Lhr gene from D. simulans into D. mel...

Genetic study of Neanderthal DNA reveals early split between humans and Neanderthals

... say the authors, but do not share much else after evolving their separate ways. The study, published in this week's issue of Science, also finds no evidence of genetic admixture between Neanderthals and humans. The study helps to explain the evolutionary relationship between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals (H...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

... Cancer. "A tumor cell population is constantly evolving through natural selection," says Carlo C. Maley, Ph.D., an assistant professor in the Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program at Wistar whose own research focuses on this area. He is senior author on the new review. "The mutations that benefit the...

Experimental vaccine protects mice against deadly 1918 flu virus

... "This technique would be very useful in defining evolving serotypes of flu viruses like H5N1 to develop immune sera and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that may help to contain pandemic flu," says Dr. Nabel. The study authors indicate that further testing will be needed to determine whether DNA vaccin...

Viral marker of human migration suspect

...ht, and that the viruses like JCV might in fact be evolving twice as fast. ...

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