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Tag: "evolution" at biology news

MicroRNAs have shaped the evolution of the majority of mammalian genes

...class of small RNAs called microRNAs influence the evolution of genes far more widely than previous research ha...emonstrate that microRNAs affect the expression or evolution of the majority of human genes. Nearly all genes, the authors explain, contain short sequences that...

Human cerebellum and cortex age in very different ways

...d that we can learn about functional variation and evolution by studying gene expression changes with age." The researchers used data from gene chips to look at gene expression -- the degree to which various genes are turned "on" and "off" -- in five different regions of the brain's cortex. They found that in...

A bug's life: Exceptional genomic stability yet rapid protein evolution in a carpenter ant mutualist

...w data that support a fascinating model for genome evolution in bacteria that live inside insects. The scienti...have undergone exceptionally fast rates of protein evolution despite having precisely maintained their genomic architecture over long periods of evolutionary tim...

New discovery: If it weren't for this enzyme, decomposing pesticide would take millennia

..." Horvat said. "It's really a neat picture of what evolution and natural selection can do." Although it's hard... be extraordinary example of the "majestic hand of evolution at work," Wolfenden said. For an undergraduate to publish a paper in such a prestigious scientific ...

Cornell finds natural selection in humans

...dence that natural selection has shaped the recent evolution of our species, according to researchers from Corn...arly affected by positive selection and show rapid evolution in the last 5 million years, when humans shared a common ancestor with chimps. Likewise, the resea...

Zebrafish may hold key to improved cancer research

...through hundreds of millions of years of divergent evolution in species ranging from worms to fruit flies, fish and humans. When it functions normally, B-myb appropriately regulates cell proliferation. When it becomes mutated, either through genetic predisposition or environmental influences, the formation of...

The earliest animals had human-like genes

...sses. Another thing that this has shown us is that evolution is not always about gain; the loss of complexity can equally be an important player in evolution." ...

New insights into the software of life

...ides several indications of the molecular basis of evolution and why we are so much more complex than the simpl...he importance of non-coding RNA in development and evolution in a series of papers published internationally over the past five years, including an article publi...

Wright bros. upstaged! Dinos invented biplanes

The evolution of airplanes from the Wright Brothers' first bipla...anes was an inadvertent replay of the much earlier evolution of dinosaur flight, say two dino flight experts. According to paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee and...

Mouse genome much more complex than expected

...ction they would have mutated during the course of evolution so quickly that there would nowadays be hardly any similarity between them. The scientists came across an additional interesting phenomenon when they tried to find the 'original sources' of the mRNA copies in the DNA encyclopedia: information and no...

The first laugh: New study posits evolutionary origins of two distinct types of laughter

... biologists from Binghamton University explore the evolution of two distinct types of laughter ?laughter which is stimulus-driven and laughter which is self-generated and strategic. "Laughter that occurs during everyday social interaction in response to banal comments and humorless conversation is now being ...

Creeping crinoids! Sea lilies crawl to escape predators, new video shows

...related studies help paint a bigger picture of the evolution and ecology of these deep-sea creatures and their predators. University of Michigan professor of geological sciences Tomasz Baumiller will show the videos and discuss the research Oct.16 at a meeting of the Geological Society of America in Salt Lak...

U. of Colorado researcher identifies tracks of swimming dinosaur in Wyoming

...related studies help paint a bigger picture of the evolution and ecology of these deep-sea creatures and their predators. University of Michigan professor of geological sciences Tomasz Baumiller will show the videos and discuss the research Oct.16 at a meeting of the Geological Society of America in Salt Lak...

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

...t role, if any, does natural selection play in the evolution of the postreproductive lifespan? For natural s...s provide the first experimental confirmation that evolution works selectively on those aspects of life history that directly affect fitness. They expand on the...

Ancient anthropoid origins discovered in Africa

...ly be much more information about early anthropoid evolution coming out of BQ-2 over the next few years." The sediments at BQ-2 lie nearly 750 feet below those of L-41 and were dated at around 37 million years old by measuring telltale variations in magnetic fields in the sediments due to ancient fluctuations ...

Why Christmas trees are not extinct

... longer conduits to get around the problem. "The evolution of the specialized valve and the specialized conduit are both ways of achieving more efficient water transport within a tree," for conifers and flowering trees, respectively, Sperry says. He says that as angiosperms evolved and competed with conife...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...about the nuts and bolts of his theory -- how does evolution actually work in the world of influenza genes and ...es and stickleback fish armor? Studies that follow evolution in action claim top honors as the Breakthrough of the Year, named by Science and its publisher AAA...

First big influenza genome study reveals flu evolution

...or Genomic Research (TIGR) have captured influenza evolution in action. In a study published in this week's journal Nature , the researchers report the first large-scale project to sequence the influenza virus. The study offers a unique snapshot of the rapidly evolving flu virus in a human population--and a n...

Multiple genes permit closely related fish species to mix and match their color vision

...on, like other biological attributes, is shaped by evolution through environmental pressures and demands, and even closely-related species that are in other ways very similar might respond to their particular environments by interpreting the visual world slightly differently, using photoreceptors that are attu...

Did feathered dinosaurs exist?

...discoverers reported finding all stages of feather evolution and ancestral birds, even though the deposits are at least 25 million years younger than those containing the earliest known bird Archaeopteryx. Researchers, led by Alan Feduccia of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, considered the ne...

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