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Tag: "evolution" at biology news

An (ecological) origin of species for tropical reef fish

...erbreed and become new species. What explains the evolution of a huge number of closely related fish species on reefs in an open undersea world where currents constantly stir the waters, washing in fish or their larvae from afar, a world without well-defined geographical barriers? Rocha et al. took a close lo...

'EuroVacc 02' HIV Vaccine Trial Begins

...non profit organization, was created in 2002 as an evolution of the network. The EuroVacc Foundation aims at facilitating European collaboration in vaccine development, coordinating European efforts and raising funds for fundamental and clinical research so as to accelerate the development of a safe and effect...

Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk

...gest that it has wide ranging implications for the evolution of shellfish in the presence of toxic algae and increases the risk of PSP to people who eat clams by enabling contaminated clams to survive in the presence of toxins. The report, "Sodium channel mutation leading to saxitoxin resistance in clams incr...

Scientists identify genes responsible for 'black rot' disease in vegetables

...dings highlight the role of genome dynamics in the evolution of pathogenicity in Xcc in response to different host species. ...

Venom doc tracks down snake bioweapons

...the first comprehensive analysis of the origin and evolution of one of nature's most sophisticated bioweapons: snake venom. His results are reported in the March issue of the journal Genome Research. Venomous snakes, all of which belong to the superfamily Colubroidea, evolved glands for the storage and disper...

Bugs, even 'bad' ones, can be educationally beneficial, new book says

...audience. "Many basic biological concepts such as evolution and genetics can be learned through pests," Waldbauer said. For example, he described recent evidence of how a new species of fruit fly is evolving based on how its diet differentiates it from other fruit flies. Waldbauer uses examples from history,...

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

...hemselves from becoming cancerous. "It seems that evolution has somehow provided protective mechanisms for innate immune cells when they go into the hazardous inflammatory environments they create," Peng notes. "They need ways to keep themselves alive, and Foxo3a is one of those ways." Peng's group is curren...

NYU, Rockefeller researchers find complexity of regulation by microRNA genes

...genomic approaches with developmental genetics and evolution to understand how changes in genomes give rise to the diversity of regulatory mechanisms in animals and plants. ...

Evidence of 600-million-year old fungi-algae symbiosis discovered in marine fossils

...in the marine environment, perhaps long before the evolution of land plants?" Present-day examples of such relationships in the sea are abundant. Now, there is an example from ancient ocean life. At a site where abundant algae lived in a shallow sub-tidal environment about 600 million years ago, Yuan and Xia...

Census of Marine Life explorers surprised by diversity, density of Arctic creatures

...ld rivers. Piecing together the history of marine evolution Because they now understand the physical churn that goes on in the Southern Ocean, biologists want to investigate its role as a cradle of genetic diversity. The Antarctic Census will take extensive samples from the deep abyssal plain on the sea flo...

Map of life on Earth could be used on Mars

...e're beginning to understand in terms of bacterial evolution that is still not quite clear, " Blank said. "What we're trying to resolve is the evolutionary history of the core of the bacterial cell. The core is that which is not undergoing this lateral gene transfer, or does it extremely rarely." Jumping gene...

Revueltosaurus skeleton unearthed at Petrified Forest upsets dinosaur tale

...later than people thought, the picture of dinosaur evolution radically shifts. "Basically, you have two groups...vorous crocodilians," Parker said. "The convergent evolution of the teeth is what makes them look like herbivorous dinosaurs. That's the only thing similar in th...

Agilent Technologies introduces high-capacity human protein removal system for proteomics research

...later than people thought, the picture of dinosaur evolution radically shifts. "Basically, you have two groups...vorous crocodilians," Parker said. "The convergent evolution of the teeth is what makes them look like herbivorous dinosaurs. That's the only thing similar in th...

Fungus-farming termites descend from an African rain forest Eve

...s have some parallels to the origin and subsequent evolution of human agriculture. Human agriculture is also believed to have originated in relatively favourable areas to which most domesticable plants and animals were native. From the homelands of domestication, agriculture has later spread to other regions, ...

Certain fish have a special mating preference

... in the study of ecological factors that shape the evolution of body forms. Male genitalia are more variable th...specific theoretical predictions regarding genital evolution to evaluate what processes might have caused the patterns." Langerhans also plans to examine whethe...

IMF Launches World’s First DNA Database for Myeloma Patients

... in the study of ecological factors that shape the evolution of body forms. Male genitalia are more variable th...specific theoretical predictions regarding genital evolution to evaluate what processes might have caused the patterns." Langerhans also plans to examine whethe...

By creating molecular bridge, scientists change function of a protein

...ng, structure, function and dynamics; and directed evolution that mimics natural evolution in a test tube but may require the screening of an astronomical number of mutants for the creation o...

Big differences in duplicated DNA distinguish chimp and human genomes

...rn the role of those duplication events in species evolution and disease." The researchers divided the duplic...iece of DNA has been independently unstable in the evolution of both the human and chimp genomes. ...

Researchers find first evidence of venom system in extinct mammal

...s that mammals have been much more flexible in the evolution of venom delivery systems than previously believed," said Fox, who works out of the Laboratory for Vertebrate Paleontology in the U of A Department of Biological Sciences. About the size of a mouse, the ancient mammal--Bisonalveus browni--may have r...

Deep thinking: Scientists sequence a cold-loving marine microbe

...nism. Together, these analyses offer a picture of evolution in action, as C. psychrerythraea uses subtle tweaks in common bacterial biology to adapt to its chilly environs. For instance, the bacterium taps a group of four to five genes to generate polyunsaturated fatty acids and pack those acids into cell mem...

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