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Tag: "estimates" at biology news

Using computers and DNA to count bacteria

...e present in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. When we examined the populations levels in metal-contaminated soil, we found the bacterial genetic diversity was reduced more than 99.9 percent," lead author Gans added. The Los Alamos team used a technique known as DNA r...

Comparison of Cocaine, Methamphetamine ‘Highs?Finds Differences

...e present in the pristine soil, exceeding previous estimates by two orders of magnitude. When we examined the populations levels in metal-contaminated soil, we found the bacterial genetic diversity was reduced more than 99.9 percent," lead author Gans added. The Los Alamos team used a technique known as DNA r...

Assessing the Amazon River's sensitivity to deforestation

... Amazon River and floodplain will be combined with estimates of future deforestation to understand how humans may be affecting the Amazon. Coe says, "This research will provide us with a better understanding of how sensitive the Amazon river is to human activities and can provide government managers and civil ...

Researchers seek to discover what really happens when a virus enters the body

...flects the physics of fluorescent microscopy ?also estimates and corrects the effect of the microscope's uneven illumination and the markers' spectral overlap," Bell explains. As Bell and Duca are able to develop their composite images, they will be able to mathematically produce a quantitative description o...

Why are coyotes getting more aggressive?

...aving animals out at night," says Curtis. The DEC estimates that 20,000-30,000 coyotes make the Empire State their home. "As coyotes become more adapted to living near people, hearing or seeing coyotes may become more common," says Gordon Batcheller, a supervising wildlife biologist with the DEC Bureau of Wil...

Vietnam war technology could aid elephant conservation

...he geophones and destroying them. Making accurate estimates of elephant populations is essential for their conservation. Until now, ecologists have had to rely on counting elephant dung balls - a very time consuming and error-prone technique - or aerial census techniques, which although they are useful to est...

Space matters: Estimating species diversity in the fossil record

...rd. Taking this into account will alter historical estimates of species distributions and extinction. Barnosky...05) The impact of the species-area relationship on estimates of paleodiversity. PLoS Biol 3(8): e266. ...

MSU researchers receive $4 million grant to uncover gene functions

... the many functions of a chloroplast, the MSU team estimates that it takes only around 4,000 genes to make a functional chloroplast, which is similar to a simple bacterium, rather than the tens of thousands of genes required to make a whole plant. "If we completely understand the chloroplast, it should then b...

Crisis in African fish supplies looms, experts warn Africa leaders

... 200 million Africans eat fish regularly. The FAO estimates that fresh, dried, salted or powdered fish provides 22 per cent of the protein intake in the region. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only world region where fish consumption is actually falling. "The main reason for this decline is the stagnation in capt...

Leptin-signaling Protein Maintains Normal Body Weight And Energy Balance In Mice

... 200 million Africans eat fish regularly. The FAO estimates that fresh, dried, salted or powdered fish provides 22 per cent of the protein intake in the region. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only world region where fish consumption is actually falling. "The main reason for this decline is the stagnation in capt...

Beyond genes: Lipid helps cell wall protein fold into proper shape

...teins make up 30 percent of known proteins. Dowhan estimates another 40 percent are loosely tied to membranes. "So you are looking at possibly 70 percent of biology occurring at or in a lipid membrane surface," Dowhan said. Membranes and their surface proteins are accessible targets for pharmaceuticals, and m...

Errors in the measurement of global warming corrected

...tmosphere. The key to the error in climate change estimates lay in instrument design, according to this study. With exposed sensors, measurement taken in daylight read too warm, and while solar heating had a measurable impact on the earlier designs, the effect became negligible in more recent designs. "It's ...

Mosquitoes are more attracted to individuals infected with malaria

...not considered, could lead to severe biases in the estimates of the intensity of malaria transmission. Citation: Lacroix R, Mukabana WR, Gouagna LC, Koella JC (2005) Malaria infection increases attractiveness of humans to mosquitoes. PLoS Biol 3(9): e298. ...

Experimental shingles vaccine proves effective in nationwide study

...er vaccine. If approved for use, the research team estimates the vaccine could prevent 250,000 cases of shingles that occur in the United States each year and significantly reduce the severity of the disease in another 250,000 cases annually. The study was funded by the VA and by Merck, which supplied the vac...

DDT-resistant insects have additional genetic advantage that helps resistance spread

...vercome resistance. The World Health Organization estimates that during the period of DDT use, approximately 25 million human lives have been saved. Today pyrethroids are most commonly used in mosquito control but they act on the same target in the nervous system as DDT and ironically spraying with DDT may th...

Fighting malaria by manipulating mosquitoes' sense of smell

...valent life-threatening disease in the world, with estimates of the number of new cases that range from 300 million to 660 millions cases per year. Current efforts to control this disease, which combine the use of insecticides with improved access to effective diagnosis and treatment, have great potential to s...

Restaurant seafood prices since 1850s help plot marine harvests through history

...quet menus showing only the food served; Dr. Jones estimates just 10,000 include the date, city and prices. Yet to be done is a sorting of five-star versus two-star restaurants, which Dr. Jones says will narrow the price spread in a given year but will not diminish the trends seen overall (plotted on several ...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...emia deaths and a statistical prediction, based on estimates of the radiation doses received by these populatio...es. But the 4,000 figure is not far different from estimates made in 1986 by Soviet scientists, according to Dr Mikhail Balonov, a radiation expert with the Inte...

2005 AIDS figures released by WHO and UNAIDS

...timates, the 2005 edition provides the most recent estimates on the epidemic’s scope and human toll, explores new trends in the epidemic’s evolution, and features a special section on HIV prevention. ...

Earliest European Farmers Left Little Genetic Mark On Modern Europe

...timates, the 2005 edition provides the most recent estimates on the epidemic’s scope and human toll, explores new trends in the epidemic’s evolution, and features a special section on HIV prevention. ...

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