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Tag: "essential" at biology news

Plant studies reveal how, where seeds store iron

...is important nutrient." The findings reveal how essential it is to look beyond ferritin to understand how iron is stored by plants. The researchers say the stored iron in the vacuole is a key source of iron for developing seedlings. Seedlings that do not express the VIT1 protein grow poorly when iron is lim...

Early-stage immune system control of HIV may depend on inherited factors

... PhD, of PARC/MGH, the paper's lead author. An essential aspect of the immune response involves educating T cells to recognize pathogens or other "non-self" proteins. This is done by means of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) receptors that sit on the surface of virtually every cell. Immune system cells that ...

Solution to bacterial mystery promises new drugs

...said. "It's also important because identifying the essential components required for disease-causing bacteria to grow and multiply is a key part of developing new strategies for controlling infections." ...

Plant studies reveal how, where seeds store iron

...is important nutrient." The findings reveal how essential it is to look beyond ferritin to understand how iron is stored by plants. The researchers say the stored iron in the vacuole is a key source of iron for developing seedlings. Seedlings that do not express the VIT1 protein grow poorly when iron is lim...

'Super' enzyme may lead way to better tumor vaccines

...er and his colleagues found that Akt1 "was in fact essential for dendritic cell survival," he said. Then they sought to develop a more potent form of Akt1 that would enable the dendritic cells to live longer, boosting immune response. To do that, they altered the enzyme so that it targeted a particular doma...

Tearing down the fungal cell wall

...ich are often termed conidia in some fungi, are an essential part of the developmental cycle of A. brassicicola... directs the synthesis of a molecule that plays an essential role in maintaining the structure of the cell wall of the conidia. Associate Professor Christophe...

Ocean sampling yields environmental sources of coral symbionts

...de much of their energy. These symbiotic algae are essential to their host’s survival, but many corals must acquire their symbionts anew with the emergence of each generation. However, it has remained unclear how newly settled coral polyps acquire their symbionts in the ocean. Organisms that resemble coral sym...

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

...teins, however, are resilient. Understanding their essential architecture with such precision could lead to new, improved types of antibody-based therapies that are better able to persist in the body, Ostrov said. "If we could take advantage of the atomic level structural features that we see, particularly t...

Sequencing of the oyster mushroom genome

... Biosphere. The degradation of this compound is an essential step in the transformation of cellulose - the principal store for carbon ?into biofuel. Moreover, it has to be taken into account that lignin has a chemical composition that is not easy to break down ?similar to some of the contaminant compounds th...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...--the light-sensitive cells in the retina that are essential for sight. The findings, reported in the Novemb...d cells in diseased mouse retinas have met several essential requirements: the cells survive; correctly develop into rod photoreceptors; integrate and connect i...

Comments, experts and background on the 2006 Nobel Prize in chemistry

...cells no longer produce enzymes and other proteins essential for life and health. With no new protein synthesized, an animal will die within days. Death can also result from the ingestion of certain poisons, which block an enzyme needed for transcription. Cancer and heart disease are among the diseases linked ...

How mammals fuel milk production may have implications for cancer

...in mammals, as provision of nutritional support is essential for the survival of offspring,?said Lewis Chodosh,... said. The new findings show that Akt1 is uniquely essential for lactation and establish a role for the isoform in glucose metabolism, a function earlier linked ...

NYU biologists identify gene that coordinates two cellular processes

...Additional functional tests showed that mel-28 was essential to both the integrity of the nuclear envelope and to proper chromosome segregation. This study served as a validation of network modeling as a means to identify genes that coordinate multiple functions. ...

Proteins necessary for brain development found to be critical for long-term memory

...shown that proteins known as growth factors are as essential for the induction of long-term memory as they are for the development of the central nervous system. These growth factors, such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), bind onto the brain cell through a specific type of receptor known as TrkB, m...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...anti-viral molecule, called TBK-1, was found to be essential for cancer cells to live, so blocking it might poi...ning cancer cells for similar biochemical pathways essential to their survival but not essential in normal cells. "This is making us think that there are many ...

Molecules in blood foretell development of preeclampsia

...g of the blood vessels healthy. Deprived of these essential substances, the cells lining the blood vessels beg...VEGF) also binds to Flt1. This binding process is essential to keeping blood vessels healthy and maintaining normal blood pressure. Similarly, a molecule known...

Selecting life: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life

...nizing, or activating, molecules that would become essential ingredients to all life--such as amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) and nucleic acids (the essence of DNA). But which of the countless possible combinations of biomolecules and mineral surfaces were key to this evolution? This vexing ques...

Nature's process for nitrogen fixation caught in action

...ressure. The process, called nitrogen fixation, is essential to life as it provides nutrients to plant life. A research team from Utah State University, Virginia Tech, and Northwestern University asked whether the biological process, carried out by microbes that contain the enzyme nitrogenase, follows the sam...

Pheromone from mother's milk may rapidly promote learning in newborn mammals

...ilk availability. This would in turn facilitate an essential skill: the ability of newborn pups to rapidly hone their suckling instincts during the first days of life. ...

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

..., called JYAlpha, is one of the same genes that is essential for sperm motility in the flies, as well as in humans and other mammals. Masly's work shows a back door through which speciation can start. If the right genes jump around in the genome, a population can begin creating individuals that can't successf...

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