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Tag: "essential" at biology news

Researchers from the UGR use a bacterium to obtain biopreservatives from food

...nchez, "has determined which AS-48 amino acids are essential for membranestability and biological activity, and...ude that while some of the mutated amino acids are essential for biological activity, others improve AS-48 biotechnological characteristics. During the process o...

Researchers create artificial enzyme that mimics the body's internal engine

...rchers to conclude that all three active sites are essential for the proper functioning of the enzyme. According to Devaraj, the new laboratory techniques developed in this experiment may have applications for research involving other enzymes. Understanding what makes CcO so efficient in reducing oxygen to ...

Carnegie Mellon University research shows how sensory-deprived brain compensates

Whiskers provide a mouse with essential information to negotiate a burrow or detect movement that could signal a predator's presence. These stiff hairs relay sensory input to the brain, which shapes neuronal activity. In a first, studies of this system by Carnegie Mellon scientists show ju...

New antibacterials being developed to tackle MRSA superbug

...function of the bacterium's FtsZ protein, which is essential for cell division. FtsZ is not found in humans so targeting a unique protein like this should reduce the likelihood of side-effects in patients. Because of the novel mode of action of the new class of compounds, the levels of resistance in the bacter...

Gene therapy for blindness clears hurdle in mice

...ch helps disable the gene. Normally the gene is essential for healthy eyesight, but mutated versions of it are passed from generation to generation in some families and can lead to blindness. Disabling the gene is a step toward developing a gene therapy to treat people with retinitis pigmentosa, an inher...

Researchers find hepatitis A and hepatitis C attack same protein to block immune defenses

...e immune attacks by attacking the same protein ?an essential link in a chain of molecular signals that triggers antiviral responses. "With 30,000-plus proteins in the cell, it’s really remarkable that these two very different viruses have chosen to strike at the same one," said Dr. Stanley Lemon, director o...

Xie Lab demonstrates the role of microRNA pathway

...ished results showing that the microRNA pathway is essential for controlling self-renewal of germline stem cell...e Lab's findings show that the microRNA pathway is essential for controlling self-renewal of two types of stem cells in the Drosophila ovary. "The findings w...

Einstein's tea leaves inspire new blood separation technique

...ls, proteins and other microscopic particles is an essential step in many common medical tests, including those for cholesterol levels, drugs in athletes, blood types in donors and glucose levels in diabetics. Current testing requires samples to be taken in a doctor's office and sent off to a laboratory and an...

Antivirals effectively curb influenza virus

...ting the spread of influenza within families is an essential part of influenza management, regardless of the strain. This study shows that there is a clear benefit to be gained by giving antivirals to people who have been exposed to the virus to prevent the onset of symptomatic illness," said lead author M. El...

Cancer researchers add spice to research against rare neuromuscular disease

...VEGF, a growth factor that is crucial for life and essential to the health of motor neurons. Chang's team found that ASC-J9 breaks up the clumps by separating the androgen receptor from some of its helper molecules, or co-factors. As the clumps dissolve, CBP moves throughout the cell as it normally would, p...

Jefferson researchers' discovery may change thinking on how viruses invade the brain

.... "We found that while transport must happen ?it’s essential to viral infection and spread and disease progression ?it’s not through this mechanism. There’s more to the story." "We think we have to have a closer look at how viral transport in general works," Dr. Schnell says. "Viral transport has to be revi...

Discovery of an HIV inhibitor in human blood points to new drug class

...nd host cell. Thus, they showed, VIRIP plays an essential role in the ability of HIV to fuse with and infect its host's immune cells. That unique underlying mechanism allowed the inhibitor to remain effective against viral strains that are resistant to other antiretroviral drugs, they found. "Our data su...

Lead with a poisonous electron shield

...fficiency. d-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase is essential for the biosynthesis of hemoglobin. Inhibition of this enzyme disrupts the formation of blood to the point of anemia. At the active center, a zinc ion binds to four ligands, three of which involve a sulfur atom. When lead replaces zinc, it only binds...

Computer imaging assists with facial reconstructive surgery

...e as background information in the article. It is essential for plastic surgeons to accurately analyze the face before surgery so that afterward, prominent facial features such as the chin and nose are balanced in relation to the structures around them. “Even a well-executed surgery will result in a poor aes...

Scientists unlock mystery of embryonic stem cell signaling pathway

...he “feeder layer?of mouse fibroblast cells that is essential for maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem...tions of embryonic stem cells on a large scale, an essential prerequisite to the successful development of stem cell based therapies."...

Antibody signal may redirect inflammation to fuel cancer

...hat determined that antibody-producing B cells are essential for the harmful redirection of the leukocyte response. The finding startled many in the field because the B cells do not act at the site of inflammation where the leukocytes are located, so they apparently send the crucial signals remotely through th...

Buckyballs used as 'passkey' into cancer cells

...d, or Baa, is based on pheylalanine, one of the 20 essential amino acids that are strung together like beads on a necklace to build all proteins. Barron's graduate student, Jianzhong Yang, developed several different Baa-containing peptides, or slivers of protein containing about a dozen or so amino acids. ...

Scientists identify a gene that may suppress colorectal cancer

...rt. The gene is called Atp5a1 , and encodes an essential component of the cell’s energy-production machiner... gene have been identified—further supporting its essential role in the cell. “In humans, ATP5A1 is located on chromosome 18, in a region that often exhibi...

Primitive yeast yields secrets of human cholesterol and drug metabolism

...esterol precursors and died because cholesterol is essential for cell survival. To show that Dap1 directly works with P450s and not through some other biochemical steps, Espenshade’s team tested the ability of human Dap1 protein to bind to four of the 57 known human P450 enzymes, essentially challenging Dap...

Living with water scarcity -- world must act now

...le require more water for more food; more water is essential in the fight against poverty; yet we should limit ...Improving access to water, and using it better are essential in the fight against poverty. Actions that target livelihood gains of smallholder farmers by securi...

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