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Tag: "equivalent" at biology news

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...he 5,000 non-essential genes, a feat approximately equivalent to 370,000 gene-pair tests. The Hopkins team used a technology known as dSLAM (heterozygote diploid-based synthetic lethality analyzed by microarray) to look at the effects of 5,000 different double mutations on cell fitness in a single experiment. ...

Zebra finches remember songs dad sang

...first, the bird's efforts are clumsy ?the songbird equivalent of a baby's first babbling syllables. But eventually, the young bird manages an almost complete copy of his parent's song that includes some improvised elements. Birdsong scientists use the word "tutor" to describe the bird whose song the young bir...

For the first time: Longevity modulated without disrupting life-sustaining function

...l unidentified molecule binds to DAF-2, the worms' equivalent of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor, which is located at the cell's surface. A cascade of signaling molecules relays the information deep into the cell till it reaches a protein called DAF-16. Known as a transcription factor, DAF-16 encodes a DNA-binding ...

'Dead zone' summer killed billions of ocean state mussels

...ey found that the healthy mussels could filter the equivalent of the entire volume of Narragansett Bay in just 20 days. But within weeks of the die-off, that filtering capacity dropped by 75 percent. Altieri said this is an important, and troubling, finding for water quality and sea life in the bay. Hypoxia c...

Parachuting allows krill to eat and run

...gigatons of carbon per year through this behavior, equivalent to the annual carbon emissions of 35 million cars. ...

Efficiency, not more doctors, is the prescription for aging population

...of life. Their analysis found that the full-time equivalent physician input per 1,000 chronically-ill patients varied by a factor of five, from about 6 per 1,000 to almost 30 per 1,000. For example, patients treated at the Mayo Clinic used fewer than 9 physicians on average, among the lowest in the country....

US woman gives birth to baby from world's first frozen donor egg bank

...ith donor eggs are beginning to show success rates equivalent to pregnancy rates using eggs before freezing. Donor eggs which have not been frozen are commonly used in infertility therapy worldwide. In the US alone, in 2001, over 12,000 women tried to conceive with donor eggs. There are many reasons for inferti...

Newly discovered killer cell fights cancer

... triggered a race among scientists to find a human equivalent of the multitasking cell, which could one day be a target for therapies that seek out and destroy cancer. "In the same way that intelligence and law enforcement agencies can face deadly threats together instead of separately, this one cell combines ...

Weighting cancer drugs to make them hit tumors harder

...eness and lowering their toxicity by attaching the equivalent of a lead sinker onto the drugs. This extra weight makes the drugs penetrate and accumulate inside tumors more effectively. Chemotherapy drugs often fall short of achieving their full impact because the drugs diffuse in and out of the tumor too rapi...

USC researchers investigate protein that protects tumors

...uing a call for more blood vessels ?the biological equivalent of food for the tumor. "The tumor cell carrying this protein ?on its surface communicates with blood vessels nearby," Gill says. "It sends the signal for more blood vessels to grow. One key item for any cancer to grow is to include more blood vesse...

U of M study examines kidney stone prevention in astronauts

... control. The pressure in the chamber was roughly equivalent to what a person would experience running on Earth. Monga found that the non-exercising study participants had higher levels of urinary calcium than the exercising group, and thus had a greater risk of developing kidney stones. Additionally, many as...

Study reveals how ADHD drugs work in brain

...to ensure that animal drug doses were functionally equivalent to doses prescribed in humans. Then, using a type of brain probe - a process known as microdialysis - the UW-Madison team measured concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine in the three different brain areas, both in the presence and absence of l...

How plants avoid feeling the burn

...ul to long-term health. But to avoid the botanical equivalent of "lobster tans," plants have developed an intricate internal defense mechanism, called photoprotection, which acts like sunscreen to ward off the sun's harmful rays. "We knew that biomolecules called carotenoids participate in this process of phot...

DOE JGI finishes 100th microbial genome

...rs of sequence generated per month, or roughly the equivalent of a human genome once over. As microbes range in size from typically five to tens of millions of bases, several microbes could be sequenced in one day. However, the sequencing process, in order to meet rigorous quality standards and to satisfy the...

Nicotine exposure during development leads to hearing problems

...C Irvine, showed that nicotine exposure during the equivalent of a human's third trimester led to hearing-related cognitive problems. This is the first time a study has demonstrated this causal link. Further tests then revealed that the probable cause of the deficits was damage to the receptors in the brain tha...

Pollution threatens coral health by preventing lesions from healing, UCF study shows

...ls and inlets. Fauth and his colleagues used the equivalent of blood tests on humans to identify likely causes of low coral vitality near wastewater discharge pipes and the Port Everglades inlet. Coral that were growing near both areas were unable to repair tissue damage, while coral colonies at control site...

Bacteria can help predict ocean change

... not predictable and could represent the bacterial equivalent of weeds and other redundant plants. "Wherever we looked, we found predictable kinds, but within the groups there were always less predictable and more predictable members," Fuhrman said. "They're just like animals and plants in the way they fun...

Study shows frogs can play key role in stem cell research

...rocess of unlimited division of stem cells, has an equivalent in the African clawed frog, called PouV. This new research shows that the two proteins are not only similar, but perform the same function ?both bind to DNA and activate certain genes that keep stem cells dividing. Indeed, embryonic stem cells lackin...

The higher the hierarchy, the greater the aggression

...ch of the variation in aggression among apparently equivalent individuals. ...

New understanding of parasite cell structures may provide treatments for serious tropical diseases

... are made, in response to cell stress. The human equivalent of a glycosome is a peroxisome, whose malfunction is associated with diseases such as Zellweger Syndrome. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, symptoms of this disorder at birth "may include lack of muscle tone an...

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