Tag: "epidemic" at biology news

A much-needed shot in the arm for HIV vaccine development

...rld's best long-term hope for bringingthe HIV/AIDS epidemic under control," said Helene Gayle, Director ofthe ...Being from the continent worst hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic that hasclaimed more than twenty million lives and wiped out decades ofdevelopment gains," said Pasc...

Study Links Ebola Outbreaks To Animal Carcasses

...d hospital workers, creating the conditions for an epidemic in the process. Between August 2001 and June 2003, researchers noted that wildlife outbreaks occurred prior to five human outbreaks in the same relative locations. During this same period, 98 animal carcasses were discovered in the region straddling...

Scientists decipher genome of fungus that can cause life-threatening infections

...n has risen in parallel withthe HIV/AIDS worldwide epidemic and the increased use ofimmunosuppressive therapies.The study, posted online January 13 in Science Express, revealeddifferences in the virulence strategies used by C. neoformans comparedto other pathogenic fungi. Researchers also examined the genetic...

HIV Infection Still On The Rise

...ired. In the face of this global catastrophe, the epidemic in the United Kingdom seems both small and parochial, say the authors. Nevertheless, the latest figures show a 20% increase in the prevalence of HIV in 2003 and 2004 compared with 2002, partly because of infections acquired abroad. Furthermore, each...

Boosting HIV screening can increase survival and is cost effective

...vard and a co-author of the study, added, "The HIV epidemic is no longer confined to a handful of easily identifiable risk groups, yet current approaches to HIV testing are still focused on these sub-populations. The result is that 280,000 Americans with HIV remain unaware of their infection. Efforts to promo...

A new study examines how shared pathogens affect host populations

...en in any one particular host population. Thus, an epidemic on one species may result because of loss or reduction in the abundance of species in the community, without any numerical or genetic change in the host or pathogen. Studying only the target species or the abiotic environment would not reveal the cau...

Antiretroviral therapy may prevent excess risk of some cancers in people with HIV

... Cancer Institute, revisit the history of the AIDS epidemic and how the knowledge of cancer and immune disease... but prolonged immunosuppression. "Controlling the epidemic and ameliorating the suffering of persons living with HIV/AIDS are more urgent than ever," they writ...

HIV-1 spread through six transmission lines in the UK

Contrary to the prevailing belief that the HIV epidemic in the UK can be traced back to one source, a new ... not had a significant impact on the growth of the epidemic and that changes in sexual behaviour have been more effective in slowing the spread of the disease. ...

Canadian youth 4th highest in international obesity study

...he researcher emphasizes. "The adolescent obesity epidemic is a global issue," concludes the paper, which appears in the May issue of Obesity Reviews, a journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. "Increasing physical activity participation and decreasing television viewing should be t...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...tain strains of Shigella dysenteriae, the cause of epidemic dysentery, have even become resistant to all but a single drug -- the quinolone ciprofloxacin -- and may soon become completely untreatable. This is a major concern for public health because, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), large-sc...

Research into how prions act in the brain could hold the key to defeating diseases

...nated with prions that is also responsible for the epidemic of BSE or 'mad cow disease' in cattle. Research has already found that the highly-infectious prions are misfolded proteins that spread rapidly in the brain and are very difficult to destroy. It is not known what causes the proteins to develop in thi...

Ebola virus: from wildlife to dogs

... environment. These observations also show that an epidemic or sporadic cases can appear at any moment in the ...e goes up to 25 % in the untouched villages of the epidemic area, reaching 32 % in the villages where human cases have been attributed to an infected-animal sou...

Community MRSA is re-emergence of 1950s pandemic, study suggests

...antibiotic-resistant bacteria that caused a global epidemic of infections in the 1950s has re-emerged as one of the community-acquired MRSA 'superbugs', according to a study published in The Lancet tomorrow (Saturday 2 April 2005). This "re-equipping and re-emergence" of a clone that caused a pandemic 40-50 ...

Excess liver gene protects against high-fat diet

...-cholesterol, high-fat Western diet has abetted an epidemic of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, making it the leading cause of death in industrialized nations," said study senior author Mitchell Lazar, of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "Yet we know that some people are more suscepti...

Enlisting genomics to understand flu evolution

...e," says Lipman. "One of these can become the next epidemic strain." These co-circulating viruses can exchang... "The key thing here is that the general notion of epidemic flu is that there's a series of successions by variants of the flu we got the previous year." But th...

New Vaccine To Be Used For First Time In Polio Outbreak Response

...ntries that have reported cases of polio since the epidemic began in late 2003. ...

Understanding biases in epidemic models important when making public health predictions

...strated during the United Kingdom's foot-and-mouth epidemic of 2001, models can be useful in two ways: they ca...s period in the models, we observed very different epidemic curves," said the researcher. Conversations with Wearing and Keeling followed, alternative models we...

Inhaling large amounts of salt can cause hypertension

...strated during the United Kingdom's foot-and-mouth epidemic of 2001, models can be useful in two ways: they ca...s period in the models, we observed very different epidemic curves," said the researcher. Conversations with Wearing and Keeling followed, alternative models we...

Field of beams - Novel system uses polarized light pulses to reveal crop health

...strated during the United Kingdom's foot-and-mouth epidemic of 2001, models can be useful in two ways: they ca...s period in the models, we observed very different epidemic curves," said the researcher. Conversations with Wearing and Keeling followed, alternative models we...

Fragment of yellow fever virus may hold key to safer vaccine

...in vaccination and medical services led to a large epidemic in 2000. In collaboration with local health authorities, ter Meulen set up a viral hemorrhagic fever laboratory in Conakry to collect and evaluate blood samples from patients. In people, the mosquito-borne virus incubates for three to six days. Init...

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