Tag: "environment" at biology news

Jump-starting T Cells In Skin Cancer

...d by the vaccine may change the local, suppressive environment of the tumor such that other T cells can snap out of their stupor and attack the tumor. ...

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...ons below the sea floor may most closely mimic the environment when life began. "There is a great deal of interest in the microbes of the Earth's crust because the strategies by which they survive may be similar to the earliest strategies of life on Earth, and perhaps also on other planetary bodies," said Rache...

It's not all genetic: Common epigenetic problem doubles cancer risk in mice

...t doesn't cause tumors directly, but it creates an environment which is ripe for cancer to start." Because precursor cells in the colon's lining had been identified as a likely starting point for tumors, Feinberg and his team tossed a cancer-causing genetic mutation into the mix. The IGF2 mice were crossed with...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...genes that allow it to sense certain facets of its environment and respond to those cues," says Neil Hall, a TIGR scientist who is the senior author of the Nature study. He did most of his work on the E. histolytica genome while in his previous position at Sanger. Matthew Berriman of Sanger said, "The results g...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

...ity, observed theoccurrence of triclocarban in the environment correlated strongly withthat of triclosan, another commonly used antimicrobial chemical thathas been studied in much greater detail because it is more easilydetectable.Using an empirical model and published data on the environmentaloccurrence of tric...

Inexpensive, mass-produced genes core of synthetic biology advances at UH

... efforts will improve health care,medicine and the environment at a fundamental level.Using current methods, programmed synthesis of a typical gene coststhousands of dollars. Thus, the prospect of creating the most primitiveof living organisms, which requires synthesis of several thousandgenes, would be prohibit...

Scientists find missing enzyme for tuberculosis iron scavenging pathway

...need to grow ?it is secreted out into the external environment where it scavenges iron and then (with iron bound to it) it is taken up by the bacterium again." Although Rv1347c is not involved in antibiotic resistance, it still remains a target for the design of new anti-TB drugs. "Enzymes that synthesize mycob...

The secret lives of whales

...s did not interrupt their lives. Living in a fluid environment they could move to new areas of productivity and find food even as the climate around them changed.?/p> Palumbi compares the ability to read genes to counting the rings of a tree ?but looking at the history of an entire population, not just an in...

Dinosaur DNA? New Patent Covers Degraded DNA recovery

...he traumatic circumstances of a crime scene or the environment has caused DNA samples to become degraded. "We hope this gives criminal investigators another tool to re-open cold cases or revisit crime scenes, stringing together strands of detached DNA into a genetic trail that could solve a crime or exonerate th...

Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium Uses Sonar-like Strategy to “See?Enemies or Prey

... ismade whenever there is another cell type in the environment near thebacterium, such as a human blood cell. The...Gilmore, “These bacteriaare actively probing their environment for enemies or food. Based onwhether or not they ‘see?other cells, they make the toxinappropriately....

Solution to Pollution: New Bacteria Eats Toxic Waste

... solution, said Sims. Bioremediation cleans up the environment by allowing living organisms to degrade or transfo...e the organisms to destroy PAH contaminants in the environment by applying engineering principles to microbial biotechnology, said Sims. “This research is extendin...

Elephants imitate truck noises, other animals

...o recorded sounds that were common in the auditory environment of the subjects of this study. Spectrogram analyses of the audio frequency of the imitations were nearly perfect matches to the original sounds. Mlaika, a ten-year-old adolescent female African elephant living in Kenya among a group of semi-captive ...

Elephants imitate sounds as a form of social communication

...o recorded sounds that were common in the auditory environment of the subjects of this study. Spectrogram analyses of the audio frequency of the imitations were nearly perfect matches to the original sounds. Mlaika, a ten-year-old adolescent female African elephant living in Kenya among a group of semi-captive ...

Highly adaptable genome in gut bacterium key to intestinal health

...o understand how gut microbes adapt to the dynamic environment of the gut and ensure the functional stability of the intestinal bioreactor, the researchers say. In addition, variations in the composition of gut microbial communities among different people may be an important factor that influences predisposition...

Ants Genetic Engineering Leads To Species Interdependency

...evelopment.In virtually all ant species, it is the environment in which a femaleis raised, rather than a genetic predisposition, that determines whichcaste she will adopt.However, in two harvester ant populations in southern New Mexico,queens and workers from the same colonies are genetically verydifferent; in b...

Scientists discover unique microbe in California's largest lake

...ea, with its highload of nutrients, may provide an environment that allows this novelphotosynthetic organism to l..., the host animal or plant provided anutrient-rich environment with relatively high amounts of infraredlight; in the Salton Sea, the waters themselves create a com...

International trial of two microbicides begins

...hat neutralizes the vaginal environment. An acidic environment inactivates HIV as well as other pathogens. Each woman in the trial will be placed at random into one of four equally sized groups. One group will use BufferGel before each act of sexual intercourse, one group will use PRO 2000, one group will use a...

MetaChip provides quick, efficient toxicity screening of potential drugs

...hat neutralizes the vaginal environment. An acidic environment inactivates HIV as well as other pathogens. Each woman in the trial will be placed at random into one of four equally sized groups. One group will use BufferGel before each act of sexual intercourse, one group will use PRO 2000, one group will use a...

Tiny scaffolding allows stem cells to become working fat cells

...maintain them for up to a year. "We know that the environment in which a community of cells finds itself has a great deal of influence on the biology underway within those cells," Kniss said. "And that biology is always translated into changes in gene expression and assemblies of proteins." That is why the thre...

NJIT Presidential Award winner takes stem cell research another step

... because she has had success in crafting the right environment for stem cells to grow into other cells," said William Hunter, chairman of the biomedical-engineering department at NJIT. "She is working in a brand-new world of medical therapy." Arinzeh's first stem-cell breakthrough focused on developing scaffold...

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