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Tag: "enhances" at biology news

Novel Enzyme Shows Potential As An Anti-HIV Target

.... CDK-9 chemically modifies the RNA polymerase and enhances its transcribing efficiency. The transcription process—including the labyrinthine protein–protein and protein–DNA (and in the case of Tat, protein–RNA) interactions—is highly regulated. One process that figures prominently in this regulation is acet...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

...nsisting of two subunits) to the HIV promoter, and enhances RNA polymerase's transcribing capacity. Previous studies in yeast had shown that activators appear to stimulate transcription complex assembly, leading the authors to ask whether Tat could play a similar role. To study this question in living human ...

UCSD researchers maintain stem cells without contaminated animal feeder layers

...ws for the maintenance of the human stem cells and enhances research without the problem of contaminating animal cells and their products." In a summary to their paper, the researchers noted that "the identification of activin A as a key factor in mediating these cellular events will help to unravel the bioc...

Viral protein influences key cell-signaling pathway

...kills cells and destroys the immune system, HTLV-1 enhances the survival of T cells." But scientists don't understand how it prolongs T-cell survival and causes their proliferation. This study's findings offer some clues. It is the latest in a series of studies led by Lairmore that examine how HTLV-1 affect...

Love's all in the brain: fMRI study shows strong, lateralized reward, not sex, drive

...minish the magic in any way. In fact, for some, it enhances the experience. Our research also helps to explain why a person in love feels 'driven' to win their beloved, amidst a whole constellation of other feelings." The study, entitled "Reward, motivation and emotion systems associated with early-stage int...

Solutions that reduce death of marine life reeled in by International Smart Gear Competition

...time the trawler crew spends sorting on deck. This enhances profitability: it allows more time for productive fishing and also prevents shrimp from being crushed under the weight of fish and bycatch hauled up on deck, making the shrimp more valuable at market. "Reducing wasteful practices like bycatch is ess...

Of mice and men's (and women's) contraceptives

...mans. In the nuclei of developing germ cells, MSY2 enhances synthesis of a select group of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and transports them from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. There, MSY2 proteins stabilize the mRNAs, which are used to make new proteins. Many of these proteins are critical for the producti...

Chemists synthesize molecule that helps body battle cancers, malaria

... Web site. An extremely powerful adjuvant, QS-21A enhances the potency of antigens introduced in the body to elicit an immune response, allowing for lower vaccine doses with greater effectiveness. The molecule could therefore save patients money on expensive drugs and stretch limited supplies of antigens and...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...ore susceptible to the microbe's toxins. Pyocyanin enhances the germ's ability to pass through the weakened bowel wall, enter the bloodstream and invade tissue. "Our goal," Alverdy said, "is to understand the many steps in this process and use that knowledge to find novel ways to intervene, to stop the infec...

Fruit fly studies open new window on cancer research

...ble fruit fly have found a family of proteins that enhances the sensitivity of a cell to a hormone that can trigger abnormal growth and cancer. Their discovery could lead to a completely new approach to tackling some cancers and the development of new drugs to stop uncontrolled growth in a wide variety of tum...

Aloe vera coating may prolong freshness, safety of fruits and vegetables

...ich can speed food deterioration. But the gel also enhances food safety, the scientists say. Based on previous studies by others, Aloe vera gel appears to contain various antibiotic and antifungal compounds that can potentially delay or inhibit microorganisms that are responsible for foodborne illness in hu...

Researchers develop gene therapy to reverse pulmonary arterial hypertension

...rally available drug, Dichloroacetate, selectively enhances apoptosis in PAH and thus reverses PAH, prolonging the survival of rats. Because this oral therapy has already been tried in humans with congenital mitochondrial diseases, the team is initiating a clinical trial in human PAH. Similarly, newer drugs t...

Researchers Discover Gene That Determines Asthma Susceptibility By Regulating Inflammation

...Nrf2 for treatment of asthma. “Disruption of Nrf2 enhances susceptibility to severe airway inflammation and asthma in mice?was written by Tirumalai Rangasamy, Jia Guo, Wayne A. Mitzner, Jessica Roman, Anju Singh, Allison D. Fryer, Masayuki Yamamoto, Thomas W. Kensler, Rubin M. Tuder, Steve N. Georas and Shya...

Tropical Deforestation affects rainfall in the U.S. and around the globe

...at the combination of deforestation in these areas enhances rain in one region while reducing it in another. ...ia, Central Africa or Southeast Asia, considerably enhances rainfall in the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula. However, the combined effect of deforestation...

Eliminating bacterial infections out of thin air

... upregulates HIF-1. In fact, upregulation of HIF-1 enhances expression of bactericidal agents and killing of bacteria. This reveals that a novel approach to treating bacterial infection is by increasing the killing capacity of cells of the innate immune system. In a related commentary, Kol Zarember and Harry...

Clean skies=faster global warming?

... upregulates HIF-1. In fact, upregulation of HIF-1 enhances expression of bactericidal agents and killing of bacteria. This reveals that a novel approach to treating bacterial infection is by increasing the killing capacity of cells of the innate immune system. In a related commentary, Kol Zarember and Harry...

Hepatitis C complicated by morphine withdrawal

...ion. The paper by Wang et al., Morphine withdrawal enhances hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon expression, appea... previously shown using cell culture that morphine enhances virus replication and inhibits IFN-alpha (a natural anti-viral factor produced by immune, as well as...

Study shows combination of immune substances to be safe

...ster IL-12 in combination with interferon, that it enhances the action of interferon in some patients with advanced cancer, and that it can be an effective way to stimulate the immune system." Based on the study's results, and the results of earlier animal studies led by the research group, Carson and his c...

UCR environmental scientists propose chemical solution to cleaning California's Salton Sea

...nce salt removal. Used in wastewater treatment, it enhances coagulation and settling. The polymer acts as a coagulant aid by chemically bridging reactive groups and increasing floc size. ...

Human trial proves ricin vaccine safe, induces neutralizing antibodies; further tests planned

.... An adjuvant, such as alum, is an ingredient that enhances the immune response of a stand-alone vaccine. Other common vaccines, such as tetanus, are typically administered with an adjuvant and can confer immunity for years. Dr. Smallshaw is currently determining whether the vaccine protects against aerosol...

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