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Tag: "engineered" at biology news

Ultrathin films deliver DNA as possible gene therapy tool

...nside of a patient's body. Lynn's laboratory has engineered a whole toolbox of different polymers to fine-tune the DNA delivery properties of their films. Using the layering method, they can control the amount of DNA by adding more layers, or can even layer multiple ingredients in a specific order. Tweaking...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

...blood vessels, cell-based cardiac pumps and tissue engineered ventricles,?says Birla. Research at the Art...deliver controlled nutrient exchange to the tissue engineered heart muscle. The perfusion system is the first of its kind, because it does not rely on a tradition...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

...is damaged. In this study, the researchers used engineered mice that had the gene for p53 turned off. But, they also included a genetic "switch" that allowed the researchers to turn p53 back on after tumors developed. Once the switch was activated, p53 appeared in the tumor cells and the majority of the t...

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

... had inactivated p53 in the mice, they genetically engineered the mice so that they could reverse p53 inactivati...not have p53 activity. These mice were genetically engineered so that the drug tamoxifen could be used to switch on p53 activity. "When we reactivated p53 in th...

MIT: Pulsing light silences overactive neurons

...lps the bacterium make energy. When neurons are engineered to express the halorhodopsin gene, the researchers can inhibit their activity by shining yellow light on them. Light activates the chloride pumps, which drive chloride ions into the neurons, lowering their voltage and silencing their firing. That ...

Science researchers genetically transform immune cells into tumor fighters

A team of researchers has genetically engineered normal immune cells to become specialized tumor fi...hters, demonstrating for the first time that these engineered cells can persist in the body and shrink large tumors in humans. Two of the 17 people with advanc...

Tarantula venom and chili peppers target same pain sensor

...s, which they call vanillotoxins. Mice genetically engineered to lack capsaicin receptors did not respond. ...

Scientists discover way to block growth of prostate cancer cells

...d tumour development in mice that were genetically engineered to spontaneously develop prostate cancer and die o...r cells. They injected MDL into the genetically engineered mice and found that it inhibited polyamine oxidation and reduced oxidative stress in the prostate gl...

New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain

...buse. Picciotto's research used both genetically engineered mice with altered nicotine receptors and viruses that could block CREB function. She and her colleagues showed that one type of nicotine receptor was important for both CREB activity and nicotine reward and that blocking CREB in the nucleus accumbens...

The power of one: A simpler, cheaper method for cell fusion

...nside a tiny microchip. Prior to fusion, cells are engineered to bond to one another by using a minor chemical t...Chinese hamster ovary cells, which were chemically engineered to link prior to fusion. He said his technology could be developed to fuse different types of cells ...

Researchers identify neurons that assign value during learning

...eurons. To tackle this question, the researchers engineered transgenic fruit flies that express in distinct nerve cells a special ion channel, "channelrhodopsin-2," whose activity is light-sensitive (the protein is normally found in green algae). As a result of expressing channelrhodopsin-2, neurons could be ...

Who gives stem cells their marching orders?

...ng them from differentiating too early. Using mice engineered to carry an altered form of the protein, the ISREC group showed that if this switch is blocked, Nodal has the opposite effect: it triggers a cascade of molecular signals which stimulate differentiation. In an article appearing in the September issu...

Researchers identify a key regulator for skin stem cells

...npoint which genes Tcf3 controls. They genetically engineered a mouse in which they could switch the Tcf3 gene on at will in skin cells. They then used DNA microarrays to analyze which genes were affected when Tcf3 was activated. Microarrays, also known as "gene chips," enable scientists to determine the activi...

T-beta-RIII joins the fight against breast cancer

...ly, in a mouse model of breast cancer, tumor cells engineered to express high levels of T-beta-RIII were less ab...o metastasize to other organs than tumor cells not engineered to express this protein. Further analysis revealed that the mechanism behind these protective effect...

A new approach to growing heart muscle

...t, but it's much higher than the forces created by engineered heart tissue samples grown and reported by other researchers. Birla says the team expects to see greater forces created by BEHM in future experiments that will bathe the cells in an environment that's even more similar to the body's internal conditio...

Engineered yeast speeds ethanol production

Scientists from Whitehead Institute and MIT have engineered yeast that can improve the speed and efficiency of...anipulating the yeast genome, the researchers have engineered a new strain of yeast that can tolerate elevated levels of both ethanol and glucose, while producing...

GlycoFi and Dartmouth report full humanization of yeast glycosylation pathway in Science

For the first time, scientists have engineered yeast cells capable of producing a broad repertoir...urnal Science . To demonstrate the utility of the engineered yeast strains, recombinant erythropoietin (Epo), a protein that stimulates the production of red blo...

'Erectile dysfunction' drugs heighten natural anti-cancer activity

...ompared to mice that did not get the drug. In mice engineered to lack an immune system, tumors were unaffected, proof of principle, the scientists say, that the drug is abetting the immune system’s own cellular response to cancer. In a report published in the Nov. 27 issue of the Journal of Experimental Medi...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...ssive regimens. The 3rd-ranked application: using engineered immune cells and novel vaccination strategies to improve immunity from infectious disease, would assist countless developing country victims, many of them their societies' youngest members. These technologies could improve a person's ability to fi...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

...two genes did not interfere with each other in the engineered D. melanogaster strain even though the Lhr and Hmr genes interfere with each other in hybrids. "This tells us there must be other things involved in the hybrid" that impacts the incompatible pairing of these genes, said Barbash. In future work th...

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