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Tag: "engineered" at biology news

Researchers design pulsed mircrojet system to deliver protein drugs without pain or bruising

...ornia, has designed a novel pulsed microjet system engineered to deliver protein drugs into the skin without the...s of nerves and capillaries. The pulsed mircrojets engineered by the researchers combine high velocity (more than 100 meters per second) with very small jet diam...

Fascinating spider silk

...ve spinning process for the production genetically engineered spider silk," hopes Scheibel. ...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

...as surprisingly versatile. Traditional systems are engineered for specific object classes. For instance, systems engineered to detect faces or recognize textures are poor at detecting cars. In the biological model, the same...

Link found between immune system and high plasma lipid levels

...ology at the University of Chicago—suggest that an engineered protein could keep mice, and possibly humans, from...ct on lipid metabolism." Using an assortment of engineered and non-engineered mice, the researchers looked specifically at the role of T cells (white blood cel...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

...vide a valuable resource for tissue repair and for engineered organs as well," said Anthony Atala, M.D., senior researcher and director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University School of Medicine. Atala announced the breakthrough with colleagues from Wake Forest University School...

Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin

...s effects, Liphardt and his co-authors genetically engineered a strain of Escherichia coli that would express the light-sensitive protein. Said Walter, "The energy metabolism of E. coli is well understood so it served as an excellent testbed for observing proteorhodopsin activity when the microbe's ability t...

Yale biologists 'trick' viruses into extinction

...aps for viruses might arise naturally, or could be engineered by adding viral binding sites to cells that disall...the bill, because they lack a nucleus and could be engineered as sink habitats that greatly outnumber the T-cell source habitats in the body." ...

Exploring the molecular origin of blood clot flexibility

...s. The researchers measured this change by pulling engineered strands of fibrinogen molecules using an atomic force microscope. This alpha-helical coiled-coil "spring" is a common motif in protein structure, first identified more than 50 years ago and so its stretchiness may have broader implications in biology...

Cancer tip -- Nanoparticles can damage DNA, increase cancer risk

Tissue studies indicate that nanoparticles, engineered materials about a billionth of a meter in size, could damage DNA and lead to cancer, according to research presented at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. Nanoparticles are small enough to penetrate cell membran...

Gene therapy for blindness clears hurdle in mice

... blind by 40. UF Genetics Institute researchers engineered the interfering RNA into a virus, which in turn was injected below the retinas in more than a dozen normal mice. Analysis showed the technique reduced the amount of rhodopsin by about 60 percent. With the gene drastically muzzled, scientists have ...

Scientists to track impact of Asian dust and pollution on clouds, weather, climate change

...enter and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have engineered a strain of mice whose olfactory brain cells "fire" when exposed to light. This was accomplished by inserting into the cells a gene naturally present in green algae that "turns on" when exposed to light and enables the algae to swim toward the light....

Common algae helps illustrate mammalian brain electrical circuitry

...enter and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have engineered a strain of mice whose olfactory brain cells "fire" when exposed to light. This was accomplished by inserting into the cells a gene naturally present in green algae that "turns on" when exposed to light and enables the algae to swim toward the light....

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

...s also studied the effects of the mutation in mice engineered to mimic the human disorder. Like humans with NS, the mice had only one mutant copy of the SHP-2 gene, while the other was normal. The researchers observed in the animals?brains increases in neuron density and percentage, as well as a large decrease ...

Cheaper, better disease treatments expected from faster approach to developing antibodies

...r, a postdoctoral student in chemical engineering, engineered antibodies to an anthrax toxin called PA. He and Thomas Van Blarcom, a graduate student in chemical engineering, used a method called APEx, co-developed by Georgiou and Iverson's lab, to identify the bacteria-bound antibodies that attach best to the ...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...uptive action of SMase in frog oocytes (egg cells) engineered to place CFTR in their membrane. These oocytes are an experimental tool that allows the researchers to assess the flow of ions across the membrane by measuring electrical current. The researchers found that direct exposure of the CFTR-containing oocy...

Termites get the vibe on what tastes good

... blocks of their normal wooden food, and specially engineered blocks made of wood and other materials, they could tell when there was another material attached and always chose the blocks that contained the most wood." The researchers are designing further experiments to test termites' assessment methods in a...

Antibody signal may redirect inflammation to fuel cancer

...F finding comes from studies with mice genetically engineered to carry some of the genes of the human papilloma virus (HPV), a pathogen that is known to cause human cervical cancer. By comparing cancer progression in these mice compared with gene "knock-out mice" that lacked the antibody receptors normally acti...

Primitive yeast yields secrets of human cholesterol and drug metabolism

...d repeated their experiments in human kidney cells engineered to lack the human version of Dap1. As in yeast, the altered human cells accumulated cholesterol precursors and died because cholesterol is essential for cell survival. To show that Dap1 directly works with P450s and not through some other biochemi...

Conceptualizing a cyborg

...easuring neuronal electrical activity across newly engineered nerve bridges and the restoration of motor activity in experimental animals. ...

Tissue engineering for craniofacial reconstruction

...pt to repair or regenerate damaged tissue by using engineered tissue substitutes that can sustain functionality during regeneration and eventually integrate into the host tissue. The traditional tissue-engineering paradigm combines isolated cells with appropriate bioactive agents in a biomaterial scaffold. It i...

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