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Tag: "engineered" at biology news

Cellular message movement captured on video

...nous lining of a cow aorta. They added genetically engineered proteins tagged with red and green fluorescence markers to the bovine aortic endothelial cells, grew them in tissue culture, and filmed them while they passed fluid across the cells’ surface in a simulation of flowing blood. With that physical stimul...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...r of Neurobiology and Anatomy. Shaftel genetically engineered a one-of-a-kind mouse that gives him pinpoint cont...levels of IL-1 beta in select brain regions of its engineered mouse, then applied the technology in mice specially designed to develop Alzheimer’s disease. The...

Gene therapy delivery of nerve growth factors reverses erectile dysfunction in animal model

... GDNF family ligand (neurturin) into a genetically engineered herpes simplex virus (HSV). They then injected either of the recombinant viruses into the damaged cavernous nerve of rats. GDNF is an important nerve growth promoter and has been shown in other studies to contribute to survival and regeneration of pe...

Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study

... deletion were able to reconstitute tissues in the engineered mice, at least initially. “Think of aging as a slow loss of stem cells, a deterioration of pools of cells that reside in each tissue type,” says Brown. We accelerated the aging process by wiping out a large fraction of these cells prematurely, i...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

... in live mice. In one experiment, mice genetically engineered to be highly susceptible to atherosclerosis were fed high-fat diets and assigned to receive the drug or an inert substance. One set of mice was put on a high-fat "western" diet at five weeks of age; half received the inhibitor drug. A second group of...

New study finds genetically engineered crops could play a role in sustainable agriculture

...tal scientists studying the effects of genetically engineered crops. Biotechnology and genetic engineering are controversial because of concerns about risks to human health and biodiversity, but few analyses exist that reveal the actual effects genetically modified plants have on other non-modified species. I...

Migration alert -- How tumor cells home in on the lymphatic system

... To demonstrate this new concept, the researchers engineered a tissue culture model of the tumor-lymphatic microenvironment and developed computational models to calculate the gradients of the signaling molecule. The study provides the first evidence that tumor cells can both produce and use the same signa...

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers develop 'off-the-shelf' vascular grafts

...f Pittsburgh School of Medicine investigators have engineered artificial blood vessels from muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) and a biodegradable polymer that exhibit extensive remodeling and remain free of blockages when grafted into rats. The results of their study, which is being presented at the Tissue Engi...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a general 'control switch' for protein activity

...ical drug, which affects the activity level of the engineered protein by increasing or reducing it. When the dru... method consists of preparing a set of genetically engineered proteins (called a “library” in scientific language) with the amino acid segment inserted in differe...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...ical researchers here have reported that they have engineered adult stem cells derived from human umbilical cord...w to do this." Embryonic stem cells have been engineered to produce cardiac, neural, blood, lung and liver progenitor cells that perform many of the function...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

...y was done in mice, they are the first genetically engineered to develop osteoarthritis like humans, with the same genetic predisposition that makes some more likely to develop the disease, the authors said. If all goes well with a follow-up study currently underway, researchers will apply to the U.S. Food and ...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

Mice genetically engineered to lack a single enzyme in their brains are more a...roundings seems to have made them smarter." The engineered mice were more adept at learning to navigate a water maze and remembering that being in a certain bo...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...cooling agents, including menthol. The genetically engineered mice did not discriminate between warm and cold surfaces until the temperature dropped to extremes. "It's been known for years that menthol and related cooling agents evoke the psychophysical sensation of cold – somehow by interacting with the asp...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...and restores normal muscle function in genetically engineered mice with weak muscles. The study, published onlin...erested in the enzyme when they observed that mice engineered to have a defect in a molecular switch, called cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), had h...

Researchers attach genes to minichromosomes in maize

...f Missouri-Columbia has discovered a way to create engineered minichromosomes in maize and attach genes to those...l chromosomes in plants but this is the first time engineered minichromosomes have been made. Minichromosomes are able to function in many of the same ways as chr...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...n of abnormal proteins in HD. We first genetically engineered proteasome activators involved in either non-ubiquitinated protein degradation pathways (PA28ƒ×) or subunits of PA700, the 26S proteasome ubiquitinated pathway (S5a) into transducible lentiviral vectors. To address the therapeutic hypothesis experime...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

...ing mammalian neurons at all ?unless they had been engineered to express the bird virus's receptor, a bird cell surface protein known as TVA. Such neurons will then be "disguised" as bird cells and the rabies virus ?now acting like a bird virus ?will infect them. "The bottom line is that you need two genes e...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...mits a low energy gamma photon, but it can also be engineered to carry therapeutic radionuclides, which are lethal to cells in which TK is activated. Results of this study suggests that this strategy could be applied to other viruses associated with tumors, and that other drugs may potentially be used to act...

Investigating the measles virus as a tool to kill multiple myeloma

...has opened a new Phase I clinical trial testing an engineered measles virus against multiple myeloma, a cancer o... institution in the world currently pursuing using engineered measles viruses for cancer treatment. It has shepherded the research from basic laboratory science t...

New success in engineering plant oils

...commonly found in margarine products. Furthermore, engineered oils could be used to produce feedstocks for industrial processes in place of those currently obtained from petrochemicals. Shanklin also suggests that the genetic manipulation could work in the reverse to allow scientists to engineer more heart-heal...

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